Trace gas emissions from biomass burning inferred from aerosol optical depth

Paton‐Walsh, Clare; Jones, Nicholas; Wilson, Stephen R.; Meier, H. E. Markus; Deutscher, Nicholas M.; Griffith, David; Mitchell, Rosalind; Campbell, S. K.

doi:10.1029/2003gl018973

Cited by 35 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…While these figures display particulate emissions estimates, they are based on the application of smoke‐particle emission factors to estimates of burn areas by land cover type, as discussed above, and variations in the estimated fluxes are driven by variations in the rate of fuel combustion. As a result, we expect the temporal variation of CO emissions to approximately follow that of particles; recent analyses of Australian fire emissions support this expectation [ Paton‐Walsh et al , 2004].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

et al. 2004

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[1] We report summertime measurements of CO and O 3 obtained during 2001-2003 at the PICO-NARE mountaintop station in the Azores. Frequent events of elevated CO mixing ratios were observed. On the basis of backward trajectories arriving in the free troposphere and global simulations of biomass burning plumes, we attribute nearly all these events to North American pollution outflow and long-range transport of biomass burning emissions. There was a high degree of interannual variability in CO levels: median [CO] ranged from 65 ppbv in 2001 to 104 ppbv in 2003. The highest concentrations were associated with transport of Siberian fire emissions during summer 2003, when Siberian fire activity was unusually high. Ozone mixing ratios also increased (by up to $30 ppbv) during the fire events. These findings demonstrate the significant hemispheric scale impact that biomass burning events have on background CO and O 3 levels. O 3 enhancements of similar magnitude were also observed in North American pollution outflow. O 3 and CO were correlated during North American outflow events, with a slope averaging 1., ppbv/ppbv) when no fire impact was present. This slope is more than 80% larger than early 1990s observations made in the eastern United States and nearshore outflow region, even after accounting for declining U.S. CO emissions and for CO loss during transport to the Azores, and is not consistent with simple dilution of U.S. outflow with marine background air. We conclude that a significantly larger amount of O 3 production occurred in the air sampled during this study, and we suggest several potential reasons for this, each of which could imply potentially significant shortcomings in current estimates of the hemispheric impact of North American emissions on tropospheric ozone and should be evaluated in future studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

et al. 2004

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“…Most of this interannual variability corresponds with local biomass burning events. Long range transport of biomass burning plumes from Australia, associated with particularly severe burning events in New South Wales (Paton-Walsh et al, 2004 during austral summer months (with very high values of associated HCHO concentrations up to 20 times above background), are a possible source of HCHO over Lauder. This is discussed further in Sect.…”

Section: Column Averaged Time-seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term tropospheric formaldehyde concentrations deduced from ground-based fourier transform solar infrared measurements

et al. 2009

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Abstract. We report a 13-year (1992-2005) dataset of total column measurements of formaldehyde (HCHO) over Lauder, New Zealand, inferred from solar infrared spectra measured using a high-resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). Ambient HCHO concentrations at this rural location are often close to levels typical of remote marine environments (<250 ppt), which are close to the detection limit using standard techniques. Consequently we develop a new method that successfully produces HCHO columns with sufficient sensitivity throughout the whole season. HCHO columns over Lauder have a strong seasonal cycle (±50%), with a mean column of 4.9×10 15 molecules cm −2 , peaking during summer months. A simple box model of CH 4 oxidation reproduces the observed broad-scale seasonal cycle, but significantly underestimates the seasonal peak HCHO ground concentrations during summer. This suggests the existence of an additional significant source of HCHO, possibly isoprene that cannot be explained by oxidation of CH 4 alone. The ground-based FTS column data compare well with collocated HCHO column measurements from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) satellite instrument during the operational period of GOME (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001), r 2 =0.65, mean bias=10%, n=48).

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“…differ [Campbell et al, 2008;Sandoval-Soto et al, 2005;Suntharalingam et al, 2008], and therefore, large uncertainties in the OCS budget remain [Kettle et al, 2002;Montzka et al, 2007] [Griffith et al, 1998;Kohlhepp et al, 2012;Paton-Walsh et al, 2004]. To ensure that differences in OCS behavior across the three sites are unaffected by the configuration of the retrieval, the same retrieval settings were used at all three sites, i.e., fitting four microwindows covering the p19 (2053.98-2054.24 [Rinsland et al, 1998]) is designed to retrieve vertical profiles of one or more gases from solar absorption FTS spectra.…”

Section: Geophysical Research Letters Research Lettermentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Kremser

Jones

Palm

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Transport of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) from the troposphere to the stratosphere contributes sulfur to the stratospheric aerosol layer, which reflects incoming short‐wave solar radiation, cooling the climate system. Previous analyses of OCS observations have shown no significant trend, suggesting that OCS is unlikely to be a major contributor to the reported increases in stratospheric aerosol loading and indicating a balanced OCS budget. Here we present analyses of ground‐based Fourier transform spectrometer measurements of OCS at three Southern Hemisphere sites spanning 34.45°S to 77.80°S. At all three sites statistically significant positive trends are seen from 2001 to 2014 with an observed overall trend in total column OCS at Wollongong of 0.73 ± 0.03%/yr, at Lauder of 0.43 ± 0.02%/yr, and at Arrival Heights of 0.45 ± 0.05%/yr. These observed trends in OCS imply that the OCS budget is not balanced and could contribute to constraints on current estimates of sources and sinks.

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Trace gas emissions from biomass burning inferred from aerosol optical depth

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

Long-term tropospheric formaldehyde concentrations deduced from ground-based fourier transform solar infrared measurements

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

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Trace gas emissions from biomass burning inferred from aerosol optical depth

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O3 in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O3 in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

Long-term tropospheric formaldehyde concentrations deduced from ground-based fourier transform solar infrared measurements

Positive trends in Southern Hemisphere carbonyl sulfide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere

Regional and hemispheric impacts of anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on summertime CO and O₃ in the North Atlantic lower free troposphere