Trace elements in the human environment: Problems and risks

Davies, Brian E.

doi:10.1007/bf01747905

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Experts have suggested that the dietary food program with high protein and high fat may increase the risk of MS ( 10 – 13 ). Apart from the mentioned risk factors, several studies have indicated that trace metals may have a role in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders ( 14 – 17 ). The aim of this study was to ascertain if the serum concentrations of Zn, Cu, Se, Mg and Pb are different between multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of serum Concentration of Se, Pb, Mg, Cu, Zn, between MS patients and healthy controls

Alizadeh¹,

Mehrpour²,

Nikkhah³

et al. 2016

Electron physician

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IntroductionMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is defined as one of the inflammatory autoimmune disorders and is common. Its exact etiology is unclear. There are some evidences on the role of environmental factors in susceptible genetics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible role of Selenium, Zinc, Copper, Lead and Magnesium metals in Multiple Sclerosis patients.MethodsIn the present analytical cross-sectional study, 56 individuals including 26 patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the evaluation. The serum level of Se, Zn, Cu, Pb were quantified in graphite furnace conditions and flame conditions by utilizing an atomic absorption Perkin Elmer spectrophotometer 3030. The serum levels of Mg were measured by auto analyzer 1500 BT. The mean level of minerals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Mg, Se) in serum samples were compared in both cases and controls. The mean level of minerals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Mg, Se) in serum samples were compared in both cases and controls by using independent-samples t-test for normal distribution and Mann-Whitney U test as a non-parametric test. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 11.0.ResultsAs well as the Zn, Cu, and Se, there was no significant difference between MS patients and healthy individuals in Pb concentrations (p-value = 0.11, 0.14, 0.32, 0.20 respectively) but the level of Mg was significantly different (p= 0.001).ConclusionAll serum concentrations of Zn, Pb, Se, Cu in both groups were in normal ranges and there was no difference in MS patients compared with the healthy group who were matched in genetics. Blood level of Mg was significantly lower in MS patients. But it should be noted that even with the low level of serum magnesium in MS patients, this value is still in the normal range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of serum Concentration of Se, Pb, Mg, Cu, Zn, between MS patients and healthy controls

Alizadeh¹,

Mehrpour²,

Nikkhah³

et al. 2016

Electron physician

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“…The relatively high Pb level in the atmosphere can result in the high predicted level in the blood. Davies (1994) quoted the former Greater London Council which adopted a guideline Pb concentration of 0.5 mg/kg as justifying further investigation and 5 mg/kg as justifying control measures. The areal distribution of heavy metals with grain size suggests that the effects of grain size on the metal distribution in the aquifer system are not uniform throughout the basin.…”

Section: Ni V Cd Co and Pbmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and immobilization of heavy metals in Pliocene aquifer sediments in Wadi El Natrun depression, Western Desert

Kashouty

Sabbagh²

2011

Arab J Geosci

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The Pliocene aquifer receives inflow of Miocene and Pleistocene aquifer waters in Wadi El Natrun depression. The aquifer also receives inflow from the agricultural activity and septic tanks. Nine sediment samples were collected from the Pliocene aquifer in Wadi E1 Natrun. Heavy metal (Cu, Sr, Zn, Mn, Fe, Al, Ba, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Co, Mo, and Pb) concentrations of Pliocene aquifer sediments were investigated in bulk, sand, and mud fractions. The determination of extractable trace metals (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Pb) in Pliocene aquifer sediments using sequential extraction procedure (four steps) has been performed in order to study environmental pathways (e.g., mobility of metals, bounding states). These employ a series of successively stronger chemical leaching reagents which nominally target the different compositional fractions. By analyzing the liquid leachates and the residual solid components, it is possible to determine not only the type and concentration of metals retained in each phase but also their potential ecological significance. Cu, Sr, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Al concentrations are higher in finer sediments than in coarser sediments, while Ba, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Co, Mo, and Pb are enriched in the coarser fraction. The differences in relative concentrations are attributed to intense anthropogenic inputs from different sources. Heavy metal concentrations are higher than global average concentrations in sandstone, USEPA guidelines, and other local and international aquifer sediments. The order of trace elements in the bulk Pliocene aquifer sediments, from high to low concentrations, is Fe>Al> Mn>Cr>Zn>Cu>Ni>V>Sr>Ba>Pb>Mo>Cd>Co. The Pliocene aquifer sediments are highly contaminated for most toxic metals, except Pb and Co which have moderate contamination. The active soluble (F0) and exchangeable (F1) phases are represented by high concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn and relatively higher concentrations of Pb and Cd. This may be due to the increase of silt and clay fractions (mud) in sediments, which act as an adsorbent, retaining metals through ion exchange and other processes. The order of mobility of heavy metals in this phase is found to be Pb>Cd>Zn> Cu>Fe >Mn. The values of the active phase of most heavy metals are relatively high, indicating that Pliocene sediments are potentially a major sink for heavy metals characterized by high mobility and bioavailability. FeMn oxyhydroxide phase is the most important fraction among labile fractions and represents 22% for Cd, 20% for Fe, 11% for Zn, 8% for Cu, 5% for Pb, and 3% for Mn. The organic matter-bound fraction contains 80% of Mn, 72% of Cu, 68% of Zn, 60% of Fe, 35% of Pb, and 30% of Cd (as mean). Summarizing the sequential extraction, a very good immobilization of the heavy metals by the organic matter-bound fraction is followed by the carbonate-exchangeable-bound fraction. The mobility of the Cd metal in the active and Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide phases is the highest, while the Mn metal had the lowest mobility.

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“…Lately, strong links have been noted between minerals in the soil and water, and the development of chronic degenerative conditions [3] [4] [5] [6]. Ions of trace and heavy metals such as iron, manganese, aluminum, mercury, lead, copper, chromium and cadmium have been linked to the initiation of numerous neurodegenerative disorders [1] [7] [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing research dictates that multiple interwoven factors, such as genetics, environment and diet influence an individual's health status and the expression of a disease state [3] [4] [5] [6]. Abnormalities at the genetic level have been proven to be largely influential in disorders of the brain like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Multiple Sclerosis [9] [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Relationship between the Incidence of Neurodegenerative Disease and Trace Mineral Composition in the Drinking Water of Rural Residents of Ontario

Richer¹,

Bil²,

Cant³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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Many chronic degenerative diseases have been linked to high intake of various trace and heavy metals. The presence of these compounds in drinking water may be a significant contributing factor to total dietary intake and deposition, resulting in the propagation of a disease cascade. Dairy farm families residing in rural Ontario completed a survey pertaining to the health status of the individuals living on-farm. Water samples were also collected at each location and analyzed for mineral content. Out of 200 surveys delivered to farms, 134 were returned, which formed a study group comprised of 218 adult and 230 children participants. Taking into consideration several factors, such as genetics, environment and diet, the data were analyzed for correlations between heavy metal and mineral status and the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. The findings from this study suggest phosphorus, potassium and magnesium concentrations may play a role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Total hardness and pH of water may also have an impact on the development of these diseases.

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Trace elements in the human environment: Problems and risks

Cited by 13 publications

References 77 publications

Comparison of serum Concentration of Se, Pb, Mg, Cu, Zn, between MS patients and healthy controls

Comparison of serum Concentration of Se, Pb, Mg, Cu, Zn, between MS patients and healthy controls

Distribution and immobilization of heavy metals in Pliocene aquifer sediments in Wadi El Natrun depression, Western Desert

The Potential Relationship between the Incidence of Neurodegenerative Disease and Trace Mineral Composition in the Drinking Water of Rural Residents of Ontario

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