Trace Elements and Plant Secondary Metabolism: Quality and Efficacy of Herbal Products

Plant-food-derived bioactives: Key health benefits and current nanosystems as a strategy to enhance their bioavailability

“…Micronutrients include minerals, vitamins and trace elements (18). Some minerals are easily absorbed as salts (ionic form) and some foods are fortified with minerals to enhance uptake (19). Regarding vitamins, the most relevant are fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) and water soluble vitamins (C, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 and B12) (20).…”

The Effect of Some Micro-Elements on Free Amino Acids, Indols and total Phenols Production from Embryogenic Callus of Tow Date Palm Cultivars (Sakkoty and Bartamuda)

“…The lowest value (0.07 mg/g fresh weight) was for Sakkoty cultivar embryogenic callus grown on medium contained 0.075 mg/l cupric sulfate. (9) clearly showed that, significant differences were found between the two cultivars under investigation (1.05, 1.28 mg/g fresh weight respectively), cupric sulfate concentration 0.075mg/l was the most effective as it produced the highest significant value was (1.68 mg/g fresh weight), concerning the interaction between cultivars and cupric sulfate concentrations, the highest significant value (1.83 mg/g fresh weight) was for Sakkoty cultivar embryogenic callus grown on medium contained 0.075 mg/l cupric sulfate. The lowest value (0.34 mg/g fresh weight) was recorded by Bartamuda cultivar embryogenic callus grown on medium contained 0.025 mg/l cupric sulfate.…”

“…Microelements are required in trace amounts (Manganese, iodine, copper, cobalt, boron, molybdenum, iron, and zinc) usually comprise the microelements for plant growth and development, and have many diverse roles The effects of the medium employed in various processes have been reported [8]. It has been reported that proper concentration microelements have been considered as nutrient factors or as abiotic elicitors, which trigger the formation of secondary metabolites [9]. Where, Metal ions cause stress at elevated concentrations and stress has been implicated in secondary metabolite production.…”

“…Manganese is essential for Mn-SOD activity. In the shikimate pathway, Mn stimulates the pre-chorismate step catalyzed by the metalloenzyme 3deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase [9]. It could be suggested that the production of preformed phytochemicals can also be significantly enhanced by those, trace elements which are being widely used to stimulate the production of active principles from callus cultures.…”

“…The specific roles for essential micronutrients in the production of active principles is due to their function as components or activators of enzymes of the secondary metabolism. Moreover, metals can quelate certain phytochemicals in plant tissues [9]. The aim of this work is to study the effect of microelements on production of (free amino acids, total indols content and total phenols content) in embryogenic callus stage of in vitro date palm (Bartamuda and Sakkoty cultivar).…”