Trace elements and electrolytes in human resting mixed saliva after exercise.

Chicharro, José López; Serrano, V.S. de; Ureña, Rosario; Gutiérrez, Ana María; Carvajal, Alfredo; Fernández-Hernando, P.; Lucía, Alejandro

doi:10.1136/bjsm.33.3.204

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other studies found higher concentrations. Chicharro et al reported 10 times the average concentration of Cu, 100 times the concentration of Zn, and over 200 times the concentration of Fe and Mn as our findings [37]. Wang et al reported Zn at 1,180 ± 214 ng/mL, Cu at 822 ± 159 ng/mL, but also Mn at 2.7 ± 1.5 ng/mL [4].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Salivary metals, age, and gender correlate with cultivable oral Candida carriage levels

Norris

Friedman

Chen

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Little is known about the normal range of metal levels in unstimulated saliva, nor whether these might impact Candida carriage in healthy individuals. Both are important in determining which populations are at risk for candidiasis, as the availability of metal ions can influence the growth and pathogenesis of Candida albicans. Objective: We quantified salivary metals of healthy individuals to determine the correlation with C. albicans oral colonization. Design: Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from healthy adults and plated to determine fungal carriage, and metal content was measured using ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: Zinc was most abundant, followed by iron, copper, manganese, and nickel. Cultivable oral Candida carriage was found in 48% of people. Total protein levels did not differ in salivas from donors with or without carriage. However, innate fungicidal activity was increased in donors with carriage; correlations between levels of several metals were stronger in salivas with fungal carriage, indicating a shift in the oral environment. Concentrations of copper and manganese, as well as age and gender, were significantly predictive of carriage levels in a multiple regression model. Conclusions: Salivary copper and manganese content along with age and gender could be used as a predictive metric for individuals that are more susceptible to Candida overgrowth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Salivary metals, age, and gender correlate with cultivable oral Candida carriage levels

Norris

Friedman

Chen

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…This ability may be physiologically relevant in the oral environment. Chicharro et al measured concentrations of both Mn and Fe in the saliva of 40 young men (10). Variability was high, but mean concentrations of 80 to 84 M for Fe and 25 to 36 M for Mn were reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ThesloABCROperon ofStreptococcus mutansEncodes an Mn and Fe Transport System Required for Endocarditis Virulence and Its Mn-Dependent Repressor

et al. 2003

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Streptococcus mutans belongs to the viridans group of oral streptococci, which is the leading cause of endocarditis in humans. The LraI family of lipoproteins in viridans group streptococci and other bacteria have been shown to function as virulence factors, adhesins, or ABC-type metal transporters. We previously reported the identification of the S. mutans LraI operon, sloABCR, which encodes components of a putative metal uptake system composed of SloA, an ATP-binding protein, SloB, an integral membrane protein, and SloC, a solutebinding lipoprotein, as well as a metal-dependent regulator, SloR. We report here the functional analysis of this operon. By Western blotting, addition of Mn to the growth medium repressed SloC expression in a wild-type strain but not in a sloR mutant. Other metals tested had little effect. Cells were also tested for aerobic growth in media stripped of metals then reconstituted with Mg and either Mn or Fe. Fe at 10 M supported growth of the wild-type strain but not of a sloA or sloC mutant. Mn at 0.1 M supported growth of the wild-type strain and sloR mutant but not of sloA or sloC mutants. The combined results suggest that the SloABC proteins transport both metals, although the SloR protein represses this system only in response to Mn. These conclusions are supported by 55 Fe uptake studies with Mn as a competitor. Finally, a sloA mutant demonstrated loss of virulence in a rat model of endocarditis, suggesting that metal transport is required for endocarditis pathogenesis.

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“…With respect to exercise stress and antioxidant status, one study has shown that a decrease in levels of Mn superoxide dismutase after nutritional intervention with a yeast cell preparation that is rich in antioxidants and trace elements and minerals can be interpreted as a sign of reduced free radical stress (20). In this context, it is notable that after intense physical exercise, Mn levels in saliva decreased (24). Metalloenzymes (other than superoxide dismutase) for which Mn is a cofactor include arginase, pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of Moderate and Strenuous Running on Trace Element Distribution in the Brain, Liver, and Spleen of Trained Rats

et al. 2013

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Objective: Trace elements such as manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) play key roles in metabolic reactions and are important in many physiological enzymatic processes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the acute effects of moderate and strenuous running (treadmill) exercise on the levels of Mn, Co and Cr in the brain, liver, and spleen of trained rats.Study Design: Animal experiment.Material and Methods: Twenty-one Wistar-Albino adult male rats were used in the study. Rats were grouped as control group (no mandated exercise; n=8), moderate exercise group (30 min exercise duration; n=7), and strenuous exercise group (60 min exercise duration; n=6). The levels of Mn, Co, and Cr in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, brain stem, liver, and spleen were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: Cr levels in liver of rats increased in parallel to the time course of running supporting the exercise training effect on the action of insulin. Compared to the control group, the level of Co significantly decreased in the brain stem of rats in the moderate exercise group (p=0.009) and in the frontal lobe of rats in the strenuous exercise group (p=0.004). In the strenuous exercise group, an examination of the brain stem revealed that the level of Mn significantly decreased (p=0.001), and levels of Co and Cr were apparently depleted to the extent that these elements were no longer detectable. Conclusion:A notable finding is that during or after single bout strenuous exercise, levels of Co decreased in the spleen and particularly decreased in the brain stem of regularly trained rats. From this study, it can be inferred that sportsmen should aware trace element disturbances among the body parts or depletion of some trace elements after single bout of chronic strenuous running exercise.

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Trace elements and electrolytes in human resting mixed saliva after exercise.

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Salivary metals, age, and gender correlate with cultivable oral Candida carriage levels

Salivary metals, age, and gender correlate with cultivable oral Candida carriage levels

ThesloABCROperon ofStreptococcus mutansEncodes an Mn and Fe Transport System Required for Endocarditis Virulence and Its Mn-Dependent Repressor

Acute Effects of Moderate and Strenuous Running on Trace Element Distribution in the Brain, Liver, and Spleen of Trained Rats

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