Trace element profiles in pregnant women's sera and umbilical cord sera and influencing factors: Repeated measurements

Liang, Chunmei; Wu, Xiaoyan; Huang, Kun; Yan, Shuangqin; Li, Zhijuan; Xia, Xin; Pan, Weijun; Sheng, Jie; Tao, Yuan; Xiang, Haiyun; Hao, Jiahu; Wang, Qunan; Tao, Fangbiao; Tong, Shilu

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.115

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Socioeconomic indicators, geographical location, seasonality, race and ethnic differences, as well as gender also affect the level of elements [28,52,69]. Lower socioeconomic factors may be associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including improper diet, obesity, smoking, or noncompliance with medical recommendations, e.g., regarding vitamin supplementation in pregnancy [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Microelements involved in the oxidative balance have a significant impact on human health, but their role in pregnancy are poorly studied. We examined the relationships between first trimester levels of selenium (Se), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), as well as maternal characteristics and pregnancy results. The data came from a Polish prospective cohort of women in a single pregnancy without chronic diseases. A group of 563 women who had a complete set of data, including serum microelements in the 10–14th week was examined, and the following were found: 47 deliveries <37th week; 48 cases of birth weight <10th and 64 newborns >90th percentile; 13 intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) cases; 105 gestational hypertension (GH) and 15 preeclampsia (PE) cases; and 110 gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases. The microelements were quantified using mass spectrometry. The average concentrations (and ranges) of the elements were as follows: Se: 60.75 µg/L (40.91–125.54); Zn: 618.50 µg/L (394.04–3238.90); Cu: 1735.91 µg/L (883.61–3956.76); and Fe: 1018.33 µg/L (217.55–2806.24). In the multivariate logistic regression, we found that an increase in Se of 1 µg/L reduces the risk of GH by 6% (AOR = 0.94; p = 0.004), the risk of IUGR by 11% (AOR = 0.89; p = 0.013), and the risk of birth <34th week by 7% (but close to the significance) (AOR = 0.93; p = 0.061). An increase in Fe of 100 µg/L reduces the risk of PE by 27% (AOR = 0.73; p = 0.009). In the multivariable linear regression, we found negative strong associations between prepregnancy BMI, Se (β = −0.130; p = 0.002), and Fe (β = −0.164; p < 0.0001), but positive associations with Cu (β = 0.320; p < 0.000001). The relationships between Se and maternal age (β = 0.167; p < 0.0001), Se and smoking (β = −0.106; p = 0.011) and Cu, and gestational age from the 10–14th week (β = 0.142; p < 0.001) were also found. Secondary education was associated with Zn (β = 0.132; p = 0.004) and higher education was associated with Cu (β = −0.102; p = 0.023). A higher financial status was associated with Fe (β = 0.195; p = 0.005). Other relationships were statistically insignificant. Further research is needed to clarify relationships between first trimester microelements and pregnancy complications. In addition, attention should be paid to lifestyle-related and socioeconomic factors that affect microelement levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower socioeconomic factors may be associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, including improper diet, obesity, smoking, or noncompliance with medical recommendations, e.g., regarding vitamin supplementation in pregnancy [28]. Different diets at different times of the year can affect seasonal differences in microelement levels [69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…In recent years, new interesting research has been carried out, including studies in which the impact of seasonality on the levels of micronutrients was found [41], or studies of new strategies for compensating selenium deficiencies, as described above. We believe that our study and these new directions of research can help improve predicting and treating pregnancy-induced hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Selenium Level in Early Healthy Pregnancy as a Risk Marker of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Lewandowska

Sajdak²,

Lubiński³

2019

Nutrients

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Selenium (Se) is an antioxidant nutrient whose deficiency can influence adverse outcomes of pregnancy. The aim of this study is to determine whether serum Se level in early healthy pregnancy may be a risk marker for pregnancy induced hypertension. We obtained data from our prospective study in which we recruited healthy women in weeks 10–14 of a single pregnancy. In this analysis, we examined 121 women who subsequently developed pregnancy-induced hypertension and matched 363 women who remained normotensive. We measured Se levels (using the ICP-MS technique) in the serum in weeks 10–14 of the pregnancy. The odds ratios of pregnancy-induced hypertension (95% confidence intervals) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. We found that the mean Se level was lower in the case group compared to the control (57.51 vs. 62.89 μg/L; p = 2.6 × 10−10). Excessive body mass index (BMI) and smoking influenced the estimated odds ratios. In the subgroup of women who had never smoked with normal pre-pregnancy BMI, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of pregnancy-induced hypertension was 15.34 (95% CI: 2.73–86.31, p = 0.002) for Se levels in the lowest quartile (≤57.68 µg/L), as compared to the highest quartile (>66.60 µg/L), after adjusting for all the accepted confounders. In the whole cohort, the prognostic value of Se by logistic regression showed that the area under curve (AUC) = 0.814. In our study, one can consider the role of Se as a risk marker of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

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“…The levels of microelements can be affected by different factors: e.g., genetics, geographical location, and content of elements in the soil, food preparation, food and supplements accessibility, ethnic differences in body composition, seasonal variation, pregnancy age, and socio-economic factors related to lifestyle indicators as incorrect diet, obesity, or smoking [25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. According to the literature, compared to non-pregnant women, copper concentrations in pregnancy are significantly increased, returning after delivery to pre-pregnancy levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, we have taken into account several factors influencing the levels of micronutrients and/or the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension [13,25,27], and several confounders were matched between groups (e.g., mother’s age, parity, assisted reproductive technology, pack-years of smokers, use of multivitamin/microelement supplementation in pregnancy, and gestational diabetes mellitus at present pregnancy). Our study covered one region of Poland, which matched the women with respect to the same level of prenatal care and diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Trimester Serum Copper or Zinc Levels, and Risk of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

et al. 2019

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Early identification of women at risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is very important. The involvement of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the oxidative balance suggests the possibility of their association with this disease, in which oxidative stress plays a key role. However, it has not been established so far whether the microelement levels in early pregnancy may be risk markers of the disease, as prospective studies are limited in number. In our innovative single-center study, we identified from a prospective cohort of healthy women in the 10–14th week of a single pregnancy: women subsequently developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 121) and matched women remaining normotensive (n = 363). We measured the concentrations of microelements in the serum from 10–14 week, using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The odds ratios of the disease (and 95% confidence intervals) were assessed in logistic regression. In the whole cohort, the odds ratio (OR) of PIH was 1.52 (p = 0.174) for women in the lowest (Q1) quartile of Cu (≤1540.58 µg/L) compared with women in the highest (Q4) quartile (>1937.46 µg/L), but adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was 2.17 (p = 0.019) after adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational age at recruitment. The higher levels of Cu in the subgroup of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 compared to normal BMI were found (1847.64 vs. 1673.36 µg/L; p < 0.0001). In the subgroup of women with the normal pre-pregnancy BMI, the adjusted odds ratio of PIH was AOR = 2.95 (p = 0.040) for Q1 vs. Q4 quartile. Our results suggest that lower Cu levels in early pregnancy may be connected with higher risk of PIH, but BMI affected estimated odds ratios. Zinc levels had no effect on the risk.

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Trace element profiles in pregnant women's sera and umbilical cord sera and influencing factors: Repeated measurements

Cited by 51 publications

References 59 publications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Serum Selenium Level in Early Healthy Pregnancy as a Risk Marker of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

First Trimester Serum Copper or Zinc Levels, and Risk of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

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