Trace element measurement for assessment of dog food safety

Fernandes, Elisabete A. De Nadai; Elias, Camila; Bacchi, M. A.; Bode, P.

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-8541-4

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, EU recommendations 68 are for foods with moisture around 12.0%, so in the present study, results were compared to FDA 36 and NRC 37 recommendations because moisture for most recipes evaluated was higher than 65.0%. Another study 35 conducted in Brazil evaluated 95 samples of dry food for dogs and puppies. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, and mercury were not considered a risk when compared to maximum safe levels for humans according to Codex Alimentatius 69 , and concentrations of aluminum, antimony, and uranium were considered high according to the same standards.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

Pedrinelli

Zafalon

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Pet owners often don’t acknowledge the need for home-prepared diet formulation by a trained professional and may use recipes from sources such as the internet. Macronutrient and mineral composition of home-prepared diets were analyzed and compared to NRC and FEDIAF recommendations, and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed and compared to FDA maximum tolerable levels (MTL) for dogs and cats. Recipes of home-prepared diets for adult dogs (n = 75) and cats (n = 25) were evaluated. Analyses of protein, fat, and fiber were performed according to AOAC, and mineral and heavy metal analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). None of the diets supplied recommended levels of all nutrients evaluated, and more than 84.0% of diets presented three or more nutrients below recommendations. Nutrients with most levels below recommendations were calcium and potassium in recipes for dogs and iron and zinc in recipes for cats. As for heavy metals, levels of lead, cobalt, mercury, uranium, and vanadium were above MTLs. Results suggest that home-prepared diets may be a health risk to dogs and cats if not properly formulated. Furthermore, the chronic heavy metal intake must be better elucidated in order to understand the full impact of results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fernandes et al . 35 evaluated 95 extruded diets for dogs and puppies in Brazil and observed that aluminum, antimony, and uranium were present in some samples above the human maximum permitted levels. The authors also observed that all samples that presented high antimony concentrations contained food coloring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

Pedrinelli

Zafalon

Rodrigues

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Duran et al [83] detected heavy metals in commercial pet food samples available in Turkey, although their concentrations appeared to meet the regulated nutritional values by AAFCO. Fernandes et al [18] evaluated ninety-five dry dog foods for puppies and adult dogs in Brazil, whereof the mass fractions for most of the 20 elements determined (including As, Cd, and Hg) were within the permissible limit for dog health. However, Al, Sb, and U were present in some samples above the maximum levels established for humans.…”

Section: Heavy Metals Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal feeds and feed materials may be contaminated with undesirable substances that may come from polluted environments and/or the production process. There are even report documenting the presence of heavy metals in pet food [18][19][20]. Higher levels than normal probably originate from ingredients that have been exposed to environmental pollution and bioaccumulation over time [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Composition of Cereal and Cereal-Free Dry Dog Foods versus Nutritional Guidelines

2020

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The aims of the present work are to estimate the nutritional value and to evaluate and compare the levels of macroelements (Ca, P, K, Na, Mg), microelements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu), heavy metals (Co, Cd, Pb, Mo, Cr, Ni), and their ratios in extruded complete foods for adult dogs, their compatibility with nutritional guidelines, as well as food profile similarity. Basic composition was determined according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Analyses for elements were performed using an atomic absorption spectrometer. All the evaluated dry dog foods met the minimum recommended levels for protein and fat. Eighteen tested dog foods (60%) did not meet at least one recommendation of nutritional guidelines. Four dog foods exceeded the legal limit of Fe and five foods exceeded the legal limit of Zn; in one of them, Zn level was almost twice higher. Dog foods with insect protein exceeded the legal limit for Mn content. Eight dog foods had an inappropriate Ca:P ratio. Heavy metals were below detection limit in all analyzed dog foods. The results seem to show the need for regular feed analyses of the elemental composition in raw materials before introducing supplementation and for the monitoring of the mineral composition of finished pet food.

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“…Few authors of scientific papers deal with the topic of food products' safety for pet animals, assessed from the perspective of their owners [de Nadai Fernandes et al 2018]. According to legal regulations, a product marked as a complete/ maintenance food is balanced in such way that it can be the only source of food for the animal, without leading to nutrient deficiencies [EC 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mineral compounds in dry dog foods and their compliance with nutritional guidelines

Kępińska-Pacelik¹,

Biel²

2021

Acta Sci. Pol. Zootech.

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The aim of this study was to estimate complete extruded dry food for adult dogs, with a particular focus on: mineral profiles and ratios and the division into breed size. Dog foods were subjected to chemical analyzes to determine the content of macroelements and microelements. Additionally, the presence of heavy metals was verified and mineral ratios were estimated. The material for the research consisted of 15 randomly selected industrial household maintenance foods for adult dogs (five for large breed dogs, five for small breed dogs and five for all breeds dogs). All analyzed feeds met the FEDIAF recommended minimum recommended levels of microelements and macroelements, although the potassium level in 33% of the feeds analyzed was below the recommended minimum. 20% of the feeds tested exceeded the permissible quantitative ratio of calcium to phosphorus. In none of the tested feeds no heavy metals (Ni, Cd, Pb) were found. When choosing a feed, always pay attention to the label and carefully analyze the component of the product.

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Trace element measurement for assessment of dog food safety

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

Concentrations of macronutrients, minerals and heavy metals in home-prepared diets for adult dogs and cats

Mineral Composition of Cereal and Cereal-Free Dry Dog Foods versus Nutritional Guidelines

Analysis of mineral compounds in dry dog foods and their compliance with nutritional guidelines

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