Trace element mass balance in hydrous adiabatic mantle melting: The Hydrous Adiabatic Mantle Melting Simulator version 1 (HAMMS1)

The compositions and volumes of basalts erupted in divergent margin environments provide a record of the thermal, chemical, and dynamical state of their mantle source regions. To relate basalt compositions and volumes to the underlying thermochemical and dynamical state of their mantle source regions, we have developed REEBOX PRO, a compiled stand-alone application that simulates adiabatic decompression melting of passively or actively upwelling mantle containing up to five distinct lithologies. The model calculates melt compositions using thermodynamic and experimental constraints on the melting behaviors and mineral-melt partitioning behavior of homogeneous and lithologically heterogeneous mantle sources containing anhydrous peridotite, hydrous peridotite, harzburgite, and/or silica-saturated/-undersaturated pyroxenite. Key model outputs include the mean composition and crustal thickness for the bulk basaltic crust, calculated for passive and active upwelling scenarios. Here, we present the mathematical formulations underlying the model and benchmark it against existing hydrous melting models and models for midocean ridge basalt formation. We show that the hydrous and anhydrous peridotite melting models incorporated in REEBOX PRO capture the essential differences in basalt composition and volume demonstrated by previous models, and constrain the ambient mantle beneath the global spreading ridge system to be between 1319 and 13668C, depending on the relative fertility and/or water content of the mid-ocean ridge mantle source. We also show how model outputs may be manipulated outside of the modeling program to calculate nontraditional melt mixing scenarios. These examples highlight the flexibility of REEBOX PRO for simulating melt generation within a range of geodynamical contexts.

Section: Reebox Pro Chemistry Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reebox Pro Chemistry Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix C: Peridotite Olivine-melt Trace Element Partitionimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1002/2016gc006579mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1002/2016gc006579mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

REEBOXPRO: A forward model simulating melting of thermally and lithologically variable upwelling mantle

Brown

Lesher

2016

Ocean Basalt Simulator version 1 (OBS1): Trace element mass balance in adiabatic melting of a pyroxenite‐bearing peridotite

Kimura

Kawabata

2015

Self Cite

We present a new numerical trace element mass balance model for adiabatic melting of a pyroxenite-bearing peridotite for estimating mantle potential temperature, depth of melting column, and pyroxenite fraction in the source mantle for a primary ocean basalt/picrite. The Ocean Basalt Simulator version 1 (OBS1) uses a thermodynamic model of adiabatic melting of a pyroxenite-bearing peridotite with experimentally/thermodynamically parameterized liquidus-solidus intervals and source mineralogy. OBS1 can be used to calculate a sequence of adiabatic melting with two melting models, including (1) melting of peridotite and pyroxenite sources with simple mixing of their fractional melts (melt-melt mixing model), and (2) pyroxenite melting, melt metasomatism in the host peridotite, and melting of the metasomatized peridotite (source-metasomatism model). OBS1 can be used to explore (1) the fractions of peridotite and pyroxenite, (2) mantle potential temperature, (3) pressure of termination of melting, (4) degree of melting, and (5) residual mode of the sources. In order to constrain these parameters, the model calculates a mass balance for 26 incompatible trace elements in the sources and in the generated basalt/picrite. OBS1 is coded in an Excel spreadsheet and runs with VBA macros. Using OBS1, we examine the source compositions and conditions of the mid-oceanic ridge basalts, Loihi-Koolau basalts in the Hawaiian hot spot, and Jurassic Shatsky Rise and Mikabu oceanic plateau basalts and picrites. The OBS1 model shows the physical conditions, chemical mass balance, and amount of pyroxenite in the source peridotite, which are keys to global mantle recycling.

Geochemical variations in Japan Sea back‐arc basin basalts formed by high‐temperature adiabatic melting of mantle metasomatized by sediment subduction components

Hirahara

Kimura

Senda

et al. 2015

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The Yamato Basin in the Japan Sea is a back-arc basin characterized by basaltic oceanic crust that is twice as thick as typical oceanic crust. Two types of ocean floor basalts, formed during the opening of the Japan Sea in the Middle Miocene, were recovered from the Yamato Basin during Ocean Drilling Program Legs 127/128. These can be considered as depleted (D-type) and enriched (E-type) basalts based on their incompatible trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic compositions. Both types of basalts plot along a common mixing array drawn between depleted mantle and slab sediment represented by a sand-rich turbidite on the Pacific Plate in the NE Japan fore arc. The depleted nature of the D-type basalts suggests that the slab sediment component is nil to minor relative to the dominant mantle component, whereas the enrichment of all incompatible elements in the E-type basalts was likely caused by a large contribution of bulk slab sediment in the source. The results of forward model calculations using adiabatic melting of a hydrous mantle with sediment flux indicate that the melting conditions of the source mantle for the D-type basalts are deeper and hotter than those for the E-type basalts, which appear to have formed under conditions hotter than those of normal mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORB). These results suggest that the thicker oceanic crust was formed by greater degrees of melting of a hydrous metasomatized mantle source at unusually high mantle potential temperature during the opening of the Japan Sea.