Trace element composition in atmospheric particulates during 1973 and the summer of 1974 at Chadron, Nebraska

Struempler, Arthur W.

doi:10.1021/es60111a008

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Potassium enrichment is attributed to burning and cooking. Local soil and road dust compositions often differ from global crystal compositions Vinogradov (1959), Turekian and Wedepohl (1961), Taylor (1964), Mason (1966), Gordon et al (1973), Zoller et al (1974), Rahn (1976), Lawson and Winchester (1979a), Reimann and de Caritat (2000) Dams et al (1971), , , Moyers and Duce (1972), Tsunogai et al (1972), Wilkniss and Bressan (1972), Bogen (1973), Bressan et al (1973), Zoller et al (1973Zoller et al ( , 1974, Heindryckx and Dams (1974), Mroz and Zoller (1975), Struempler (1975), King et al (1976), Neustadter et al (1976), Meinert and Winchester (1977), Moyers et al (1977), Rahn et al (1977), Buat-M e enard and Arnold (1978), Winchester (1978, 1979b), Husain and Samson (1979), Fogg and Rahn (1984), Husain et al (1984), Pacyna (1986), Lowenthal and Rahn (1987b), Sturges (1989), Carter and Borys (1993), Rashid and Griffiths (1993), Benner et al (1995), Aunela-Tapola et al (1998), Gatz et al (1998), Deboudt et al (1999),…”

Section: Enrichment Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor modeling application framework for particle source apportionment

Watson¹,

Zhu²,

Chow³

et al. 2002

Chemosphere

269

144

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Receptor models infer contributions from particulate matter (PM) source types using multivariate measurements of particle chemical and physical properties. Receptor models complement source models that estimate concentrations from emissions inventories and transport meteorology. Enrichment factor, chemical mass balance, multiple linear regression, eigenvector. edge detection, neural network, aerosol evolution, and aerosol equilibrium models have all been used to solve particulate air quality problems, and more than 500 citations of their theory and application document these uses. While elements, ions, and carbons were often used to apportion TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 among many source types, many of these components have been reduced in source emissions such that more complex measurements of carbon fractions, specific organic compounds, single particle characteristics, and isotopic abundances now need to be measured in source and receptor samples. Compliance monitoring networks are not usually designed to obtain data for the observables, locations, and time periods that allow receptor models to be applied. Measurements from existing networks can be used to form conceptual models that allow the needed monitoring network to be optimized. The framework for using receptor models to solve air quality problems consists of: (1) formulating a conceptual model; (2) identifying potential sources; (3) characterizing source emissions; (4) obtaining and analyzing ambient PM samples for major components and source markers; (5) confirming source types with multivariate receptor models; (6) quantifying source contributions with the chemical mass balance; (7) estimating profile changes and the limiting precursor gases for secondary aerosols; and (8) reconciling receptor modeling results with source models, emissions inventories, and receptor data analyses.

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Section: Enrichment Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor modeling application framework for particle source apportionment

Watson¹,

Zhu²,

Chow³

et al. 2002

Chemosphere

269

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The levels of lead, cadmium, silver, zinc, copper, cobalt, manganese, vanadium and aluminum in filtered atmospheric particulates from the rural, non industrial town of Chadron, Nebraska (STRUEMPLER, 1975) are only about 3 times lower than La Jolla, California (Table 6). Simi larities also exist for aerosols collected on filters at other distant locales, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of atmospherically transported aerosols on surface ocean water composition.

1978

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Twelve metals, Pb-210 and Pu-239+240 were measured over a year's period in atmospheric aerosols collected at La Jolla, California and Ensenada, Baja California. Substantial amounts of the metals in the solid phases are leachable into sea water. During the winter months at La Jolla, lead, nickel and Pb-210 had higher atmospheric concentrations than at other times, suggesting local sources during this period of temperature inversion. Lead and nickel appear to have significant anthropogenic components. Overall, the concentrations of the metals and radionuclides in aerosols are similar to those in other sites of the northern hemisphere.For the southern California coastal region, the atmospheric fluxes of aerosols to the marine environ ment may govern measurably the metal concentrations in surface waters. On the other hand, these fluxes do not account for the accumulation of metals in the coastal sediments.

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“…A level of 1 ng/m 3 was reported by Douglas (1968) in a rural cloudseeding target area. In a rural area of Nebraska where no cloud seeding was known to have occurred, Struempler (1975) found particulate silver concentrations averaged 0.04-0.15 ng/m 3 during three sampling periods. This researcher theorized that anthropogenic sources, such as long-range transport from cloud seeding, were responsible for the enrichment of silver by factors of 326-355 over its average concentration in the earth's crust.…”

Section: Airmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Fine particles (less than 20 µ diameter) in the aerosol tend to be transported long distances in the atmosphere and are deposited with precipitation. Long-range atmospheric transport of silver is indicated by several studies in which atmospheric particulate concentrations were elevated above background levels in areas removed from cloud seeding or mining activities (Davidson et al 1985;Struempler 1975). Scow et al (1981) estimated that about 50% of the silver released into the atmosphere from industrial operations will be transported more than 100 km and will eventually be deposited by precipitation.…”

Section: Transport and Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%