Trace element calibrations and profiles at the Geosecs Test Station in the northeast Pacific Ocean

Spencer, Derek W.; Robertson, D.E.; Turekian, Karl K.; Folsom, T.R.

doi:10.1029/jc075i036p07688

Cited by 83 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The northeastern Pacific data (28°29 0 N, 121°38 0 W: filtered samples) previously reported by Spencer et al [1970] are also shown in Figure 1. The Sc concentration increases gradually from about 2 pmol/kg at the surface to about 20 pmol/kg at the bottom, showing a nutrient-like profile resembling those of Y and trivalent Ln.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The duplicate determinations of Sc concentration of an unfiltered surface seawater sample collected at 0°4 0 S, 95°30 0 W showed consistent values within errors (2.4 ± 0.3 and 1.7 ± 0.4 pmol/kg; errors are equal to those of Sc data shown in Figure S1), which suggests that our analyses are reproducible within error, irrespective of the fluctuation of blank level of Sc and instrumental background in each measurement. [Spencer et al, 1970] are also shown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nomura et al [2005] pointed out that data reported by Spencer et al [1970] might be semiquantitative because Sc concentrations of some filtered samples were higher than those of unfiltered samples; moreover, no detailed description of analytical procedures includes an estimation of various errors. However, we cannot completely rule out the possibility that the difference in Sc concentrations between the BO-3 (north central Pacific) station and the station studied by Spencer et al [1970] (northeastern Pacific) is attributable to the difference in locality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the vertical profile of scandium (Sc), another mono-isotopic element ( 45 Sc) belonging to the same column as Y and Ln in the periodic table, has rarely been reported [Orians and Merrin, 2001]. The only available Sc concentrations in seawater to date are classic reports by Spencer et al [1970] for the northeastern Pacific Ocean (2.2 to 29 pmol/kg) and by Brewer et al [1972] for the Sargasso Sea in the Atlantic Ocean (8.9 to 22 pmol/kg) during the Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) age. Since that time, no attempts have been undertaken to determine Sc distribution in ocean, apparently because of the difficulty in determining trace amounts of Sc in seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical distribution of scandium in the north central Pacific

Amakawa

Nomura

Sasaki

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical distribution of scandium in the north central Pacific

Amakawa

Nomura

Sasaki

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Spencer et al (1970) e. Craig (1970) f. Redfield and Friedman (1965) g. Craig and Gordon (1965). h. Rees et al(1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and field-based investigations of subsurface geochemical processes in seafloor hydrothermal systems

Reeves¹

2010

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This thesis presents the results of four discrete investigations into processes governing the organic and inorganic chemical composition of seafloor hydrothermal fluids in a variety of geologic settings. Though Chapters 2 through 5 of this thesis are disparate in focus, each represents a novel investigation aimed at furthering our understanding of subsurface geochemical processes affecting hydrothermal fluid compositions. Chapters 2 and 3 concern the abiotic (nonbiological) formation of organic compounds in high temperature vent fluids, a process which has direct implications for the emergence of life in early Earth settings and sustainment of present day microbial populations in hydrothermal environments. Chapter 2 represents an experimental investigation of methane (CH 4 ) formation under hydrothermal conditions. The overall reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to CH 4 , previously assumed to be kinetically inhibited in the absence of mineral catalysts, is shown to proceed on timescales pertinent to crustal residence times of hydrothermal fluids. In Chapter 3, the abundance of methanethiol (CH 3 SH), considered to be a crucial precursor for the emergence of primitive chemoautotrophic life, is characterized in vent fluids from ultramafic-, basalt-and sediment-hosted hydrothermal systems. Previous assumptions that CH 3 SH forms by reduction of CO 2 are not supported by the observed distribution in natural systems. Chapter 4 investigates factors regulating the hydrogen isotope composition of hydrocarbons under hydrothermal conditions. Isotopic exchange between low molecular weight n-alkanes and water is shown to be facilitated by metastable equilibrium reactions between alkanes and their corresponding alkenes, which are feasible in natural systems. In Chapter 5, the controls on vent fluid composition in a backarc hydrothermal system are investigated. A comprehensive survey of the inorganic geochemistry of fluids from sites of hydrothermal activity in the eastern Manus Basin indicates that fluids there are influenced by input of acidic magmatic solutions at depth, and subsequently modified by variable extents of seawater entrainment and mixing-related secondary acidity production. CHAPTER 1 IntroductionSeafloor hydrothermal systems associated with the generation of oceanic crust represent a dramatic expression of heat and mass transfer from the interior of the Earth. In addition to profound effects on ocean chemistry, convective circulation of seawater through volcanically active oceanic crust leads to the formation of metal sulfide deposits. In addition, seafloor hot springs are often invoked as ideal settings from which early microbial life could have emerged.Since the initial discovery of low temperature venting at the Galápagos Spreading Center in 1977 (CORLISS et al., 1979), our understanding of the composition and diversity of hydrothermal solutions has expanded greatly. During convection through oceanic crust of basaltic composition, O 2 -replete seawater reacts with crustal rock, typically producin...

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Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

Madden

Fowler²

2023

Patty's Toxicology

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Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth are members of Group V of the Periodic Table of Elements. These elements have been used for a variety of medicinal and pest control purposes over a number of centuries. They have also been used in metallic alloys and in the production of III–V semiconductors to increase electronic speeds of computer chips. Arsenicals are largely metabolized by methylation pathways and bismuth is known to induce the metal‐binding protein metallothionein and to form electron–dense cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies.

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Trace element calibrations and profiles at the Geosecs Test Station in the northeast Pacific Ocean

Cited by 83 publications

References 7 publications

Vertical distribution of scandium in the north central Pacific

Vertical distribution of scandium in the north central Pacific

Laboratory and field-based investigations of subsurface geochemical processes in seafloor hydrothermal systems

Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth

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