Trace element behaviour in seawater during Etna's pyroclastic activity in 2001: Concurrent effects of nutrients and formation of alteration minerals

Censi, P.; Randazzo, Loredana; Zuddas, Paola; Saiano, Filippo; Arico, Pietro; Andó, Sergio

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.03.010

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Explosive eruptions can inject this material into the upper troposphere and stratosphere (e.g., Baines and Sparks, 2005), where it may be transported to even the remotest of open ocean regions (e.g., Self, 2006). Rapid dissolution of Fe-bearing salts can then occur on timescales less than that of ash particle settling through the photic zone of the water column (Duggen et al, 2007;Censi et al, 2010;Olgun et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic ash supply to the surface oceanâ€”remote sensing of biological responses and their wider biogeochemical significance

et al. 2015

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Transient micronutrient enrichment of the surface ocean can enhance phytoplankton growth rates and alter microbial community structure with an ensuing spectrum of biogeochemical feedbacks. Strong phytoplankton responses to micronutrients supplied by volcanic ash have been reported recently. Here we: (i) synthesize findings from these recent studies; (ii) report the results of a new remote sensing study of ash fertilization; and (iii) calculate theoretical bounds of ash-fertilized carbon export. Our synthesis highlights that phytoplankton responses to ash do not always simply mimic that of iron amendment; the exact mechanisms for this are likely biogeochemically important but are not yet well understood. Inherent optical properties of ash-loaded seawater suggest rhyolitic ash biases routine satellite chlorophyll-a estimation upwards by more than an order of magnitude for waters with <0.1 mg chlorophyll-a m −3 , and less than a factor of 2 for systems with >0.5 mg chlorophyll-a m −3 . For this reason post-ash-deposition chlorophyll-a changes in oligotrophic waters detected via standard Case 1 (open ocean) algorithms should be interpreted with caution. Remote sensing analysis of historic events with a bias less than a factor of 2 provided limited stand-alone evidence for ash-fertilization. Confounding factors were poor coverage, incoherent ash dispersal, and ambiguity ascribing biomass changes to ash supply over other potential drivers. Using current estimates of iron release and carbon export efficiencies, uncertainty bounds of ash-fertilized carbon export for three events are presented. Patagonian iron supply to the Southern Ocean from volcanic eruptions is less than that of windblown dust on 1000 year timescales but can dominate supply at shorter timescales. Reducing uncertainties in remote sensing of phytoplankton response and nutrient release from ash are avenues for enabling assessment of the oceanic response to large-scale transient nutrient enrichment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanic ash supply to the surface oceanâ€”remote sensing of biological responses and their wider biogeochemical significance

et al. 2015

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“…Their geochemical similarities make them a useful proxy to trace geochemical processes along the water column, ocean circulation and to understand solid-liquid interface processes, as well as to study external sources, physical mixing and scavenging removal processes [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determinations of zirconium, hafnium, yttrium and lanthanides in seawater according to a co-precipitation technique onto iron-hydroxide

Raso

Censi

Saiano

2013

Talanta

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. . However in the analysis of YLOID in seawater, a better determination needs an efficient combination of ICP-MS measurement with a preconcentration technique. To perform an ultra-trace analysis in seawater, we have validated an analytical procedure involving an improved modified co-precipitation on iron hydroxides to ensure the simultaneous quantitative recovery of YLOID, Zr and Hf contents with measurement by a quadrupole ICP-MS.The validity of the method was assessed through a series of co-precipitation experiments and estimation of several quality control parameters for method validation, namely working range and its linearity, detection limit, quantification limit, precision and spike recoveries, and the methodological blank choice, are introduced, evaluated and discussed. Analysis of NASS-6, is the first report on the latest seawater reference material for YLOID, hafnium and zirconium.

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“…Upon interaction with seawater, volcanic ash releases several biologically relevant elements into the seawater (Frogner et al 2001, Duggen et al 2007, Jones & Gislason 2008, Olgun et al 2011, 2013 which may affect phytoplankton growth (Censi et al 2010, Hamme et al 2010, Langmann et al 2010b, Lin et al 2011, Hoffmann et al 2012. Some eruptions can negatively affect the marine environment by releasing acidic aerosols and thus reducing the pH of the seawater (Wall-Palmer et al 2011), or releasing toxic metals (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical evidence of oceanic iron fertilization by the Kasatochi volcanic eruption in 2008 and the potential impacts on Pacific sockeye salmon

Olgun¹,

Duggen²,

Langmann³

et al. 2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The Kasatochi volcanic eruption that occurred in the central Aleutian Islands in Alaska, USA, in August 2008 is thought to have induced a massive diatom bloom in the ironlimited waters of the Gulf of Alaska, which potentially affected the oceanic food web by increasing the abundance of zooplankton and sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in the northeast Pacific Ocean. We report the first seawater experiments involving volcanic ash ejected from the Kasatochi eruption, showing that the ash released 61 to 83 nmol Fe, 374 to 410 nmol NO 3 − , 5 to 6 nmol PO 4 3− and 170 to 585 nmol SiO 2 when it contacted seawater. Our study suggests that the amount of iron released from Kasatochi ash (an increase of 2.0 to 2.8 nM Fe) was indeed sufficient to cause the observed phytoplankton bloom in the northeastern Pacific Gyre, while the impact of macronutrient release was minimal. We further evaluated the multiple, interdependent processes in the oceanic food web related to the diatom bloom, involving the ocean survival of juvenile salmon that entered the northeast Pacific Ocean in the summer of 2008. KEY WORDS: Kasatochi eruption · Volcanic ash · Fe limitation · Diatom bloom · Gulf of Alaska · Sockeye salmon Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 488: 81-88, 2013& Fitzwater 1988, Boyd & Harrison 1999, and sporadically by Si (Wong & Matear 1999, Whitney et al. 2005. It is one of the most volcanically active regions on Earth, containing more than 150 subaerial volcanoes in the Kurile-Kamchatka and Aleutian volcanic arcs, which produce about 10 volcanic eruptions each year (Siebert & Simkin 2002). Due to the high flux of volcanic ash in the North Pacific Ocean, atmospheric deposition of volcanic ash has been considered to be an important external Fe source in the region (Olgun et al. 2011). The fertilizing potential of volcanic eruptions has been previously observed in the North Pacific Ocean region after the eruptions of Miyake-Jima in 2000 and Anatahano in 2003(Uematsu et al. 2004, Lin et al. 2011, and also in the neighboring rivers and lakes during the Mount St. Helens eruption in 1980 (Smith & White 1985).During July-August 2008, 3 explosive volcanic eruptions occurred in the remote Aleutian Islands of Alaska: at Okmok on 12 July, Cleveland on 21 July, and Kasatochi on 7 to 8 August (Waythomas et al. 2008, Larsen et al. 2009, Langmann et al. 2010b). The Kasa tochi volcanic eruption was the largest of the 3 eruptions, producing several ash plumes that reached as high as 18 km above the sea level (Langmann et al. 2010a, Waythomas et al. 2010). An unusual and extensive phytoplankton bloom (covering an area of ca. 1.5 × 10 6 km 2 ) started in the Gulf of Alaska a few days after the Kasatochi eruption ( Fig. 1), and this bloom has been related to Fe-fertilization by Kasatochi ash fallout (Hamme et al. 2010, Langmann et al. 2010b. The mean chlorophyll a (chl a) values in August 2008 were 2 to 3 times higher than the usual values for this time of year (Hamme et al. 2010...

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Trace element behaviour in seawater during Etna's pyroclastic activity in 2001: Concurrent effects of nutrients and formation of alteration minerals

Cited by 33 publications

References 63 publications

Volcanic ash supply to the surface oceanâ€”remote sensing of biological responses and their wider biogeochemical significance

Volcanic ash supply to the surface oceanâ€”remote sensing of biological responses and their wider biogeochemical significance

Simultaneous determinations of zirconium, hafnium, yttrium and lanthanides in seawater according to a co-precipitation technique onto iron-hydroxide

Geochemical evidence of oceanic iron fertilization by the Kasatochi volcanic eruption in 2008 and the potential impacts on Pacific sockeye salmon

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