Trace Element and Mineral Nutrition in Ischemic Heart Disease

Klevay, Leslie M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-040-7_15

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…More than eighty anatomical, chemical and physiological similarities between animals deficient in Cu and people with IHD have been identified. Most of these similarities have been tabulated ( 23 , 24 ) . Data also were tabulated from more than sixty medical publications about more than 2500 people with poor Cu nutriture in cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neural diseases with more than 1000 people benefitting from supplements containing Cu ( 22 , 25 ) .…”

Section: The Copper Deficiency Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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IHD from copper deficiency: a unified theory

Klevay

2016

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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The theory, in brief outline here, implicating deficiency of Cu in the aetiology and pathophysiology of IHD explains more attributes of the disease than any other theory. This theory satisfies several of Hill's criteria of a half-century ago for deducing association between an environmental feature and presence of an illness. Most important is the temporal association between the rise of IHD and the decrease in dietary Cu since the 1930s along with a parallel increase in the supplementation of pregnant women with Fe, a Cu antagonist. There are more than eighty anatomical, chemical and physiological similarities between animals deficient in Cu and individuals with IHD. Few of these similarities have been produced by other dietary manipulations because feeding cholesterol induces Cu deficiency in animals. The most recent of these to be identified is decreased serum dehydroepiandrosterone. Some concomitant aspects of Cu metabolism and utilisation have been identified in other theories about heart disease: fetal programming, homocysteine, and Fe overload.

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Section: The Copper Deficiency Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is decreased leucocyte Cu and increased cardiac Na along with heart blocks and hearing loss, inter alia . Some of these findings are exacerbated by salt or pregnancy; some are mitigated by aspirin or beer ( 23 , 24 ) . Cu deficiency has produced all of these findings in experimental animals.…”

Section: The Copper Deficiency Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

IHD from copper deficiency: a unified theory

Klevay

2016

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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“…Salbutamol (INN) or albuterol (USAN) with formula: C 13 H 21 NO 3 , is a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the release of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases [ 22 ]. In various diseases such as anemia, Wilson's disease, leukemia and lymphoma, acute and chronic infection, biliary cirrhosis, carious teeth, hemochromatosis, collagen diseases, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, etc., the copper concentration is increased and mainly associated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP) [ 14 , 23 – 25 ]. Several diseases such as HIV, acute infection, burns, diabetes, a condition that causes albumin decrease, taste disorder, nephritic syndrome, inflammatory diseases, malabsorption, Crohn's disease, myocardial infarction, etc., the concentration of zinc is reduced [ 18 , 23 – 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Mustard Gas on Salivary Trace Metals (Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Mo, Sr, Cd, Ca, Pb, Rb)

et al. 2015

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We have determined and compared trace metals concentration in saliva taken from chemical warfare injures who were under the exposure of mustard gas and healthy subjects by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) for the first time. The influence of preliminary operations on the accuracy of ICP-OES analysis, blood contamination, the number of restored teeth in the mouth, salivary flow rate, and daily variations in trace metals concentration in saliva were also considered. Unstimulated saliva was collected at 10:00–11:00 a.m. from 45 subjects in three equal groups. The first group was composed of 15 healthy subjects (group 1); the second group consisted of 15 subjects who, upon chemical warfare injuries, did not use Salbutamol spray, which they would have normally used on a regular basis (group 2); and the third group contained the same number of patients as the second group, but they had taken their regular medicine (Salbutamol spray; group 3). Our results showed that the concentration of Cu in saliva was significantly increased in the chemical warfare injures compared to healthy subjects, as follows: healthy subjects 15.3± 5.45(p.p.b.), patients (group 2) 45.77±13.65, and patients (Salbutamol spray; group 3) 29 ±8.51 (P <0.02). In contrast, zinc was significantly decreased in the patients, as follows: healthy subjects 37 ± 9.03(p.p.b.), patients (group 2) 12.2 ± 3.56, and patients (Salbutamol spray; group 3) 20.6 ±10.01 (P < 0.01). It is important to note that direct dilution of saliva samples with ultrapure nitric acid showed the optimum ICP-OES outputs.

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“…It seems likely that lead interferes with copper utilization in the workers, leading to low copper nutritional status . Low copper status has been related to a large variety of adverse cardiovascular phenomena in both animals and people; in this context, the most important are hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and impaired oxidative defense (Klevay 2000(Klevay , 2002.…”

Section: Cancer Risks Associated With Arsenic In Drinking Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Erratum

2007

Environ Health Perspect

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Trace Element and Mineral Nutrition in Ischemic Heart Disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 177 publications

IHD from copper deficiency: a unified theory

IHD from copper deficiency: a unified theory

The Effect of Mustard Gas on Salivary Trace Metals (Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Mo, Sr, Cd, Ca, Pb, Rb)

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