Trace detection of explosive and their derivatives in stand-off mode using time gated Raman spectroscopy

Gulia, Sanjay; Gulati, Kamal Kumar; Gambhir, Vijayeta; Sharma, Rinku; Reddy, M. N.

doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2016.10.009

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, usually, an optical fiber is used to transmit the light collected by the telescope to the entrance slit of the spectrometer. 15 However, the use of an optical fiber results in a low-throughput device because of the low transmittance of the optical fiber in the DUV wavelength region. Thus, the Dall-Kirkham telescope was designed, which allowed changes in the distance from the primary to secondary mirror and facilitated the optical relay system in transmitting the light collected by the telescope to the entrance slit of the spectrometer.…”

Section: Development Of a Standoff Detection System And Experimental ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standoff Detection System Using Raman Spectroscopy in the Deep-Ultraviolet Wavelength Region for the Detection of Hazardous Gas

et al. 2022

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This study developed a standoff detection system for Raman spectra in the deep-ultraviolet region to facilitate remote detection of various hazardous materials. Although Raman spectroscopy can distinguish various materials, the measurement of Raman spectra through standoff detection is challenging because of the low scattering cross section of Raman scattering. The resonance Raman scattering effect in the deep-ultraviolet wavelength region is promising in terms of enhancing the spectral intensity of Raman scattering. A catoptric light receiver system was developed to effectively collect deep-ultraviolet light via a change in the distance from the primary to secondary mirror of the telescope. The experimental results for the standoff detection indicate that the system enables the measurement of the Raman spectrum of SO2 gas, which was locally present 20 m from the system with a wavelength resolution of 0.15 nm. The gas used in this remote measurement has a relatively simple molecular structure among chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive gases. However, the high wavelength resolution of Raman spectroscopy will enable it measure substances with complex molecular structures, such as bacteria and explosives, without losing the detailed structure of their spectra.

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Section: Development Of a Standoff Detection System And Experimental ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standoff Detection System Using Raman Spectroscopy in the Deep-Ultraviolet Wavelength Region for the Detection of Hazardous Gas

et al. 2022

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“…Based on the unique advantages of Raman spectroscopy, stand-off Raman spectroscopy was initially developed by Angel et al for the detection of K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ], NaNO 2 , NaNO 3 , and CCl 4 at 17 m in 1992 . After 2000, time-gating techniques and telescopes have been applied in remote detection technology, which greatly enhanced the capability of remote Raman detection. − Until now, the reported farthest distance of remote Raman detection is 1752 m, which used a telescope of 203 mm diameter and a 532 nm pulsed laser for the explosive detection of nitrobenzene, potassium chlorate, and ammonium nitrate . Previously, Bobrovnikov et al reported the trace Raman detection of TNT with a concentration of 0.5 μg/cm 2 from a 10 m distance, which is the lowest concentration that has ever been reported for remote Raman detection of explosives .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Raman Detection of Trace Explosives by Laser Beam Focusing and Plasmonic Spray Enhancement Methods

Hao

Zhao

Liu³

et al. 2022

Anal. Chem.

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Remote Raman spectroscopy is a technique that can detect and identify different target molecules through Raman vibrational modes from a remote distance. However, the current remote Raman technique is restricted by poor detection sensitivity, and it is still extremely challenging for trace explosive detection. Here, in order to achieve trace explosive detection from a remote distance, we innovatively propose two enhanced Raman spectroscopy methods by using a plasmonic spray and a laser beam focusing/ Raman signal collecting instrument. In brief, a facile convex lens can converge the laser beam and collect Raman scattering signals, and a plasmonic spray can be used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Under the combination of the above enhancement methods, we achieve remote Raman detection of a variety of trace explosives with a concentration of ∼1 μg/cm 2 from a distance of 30 m. These novel methods demonstrate a simple approach that significantly improves the capability of remote detection of trace chemicals for further applications.

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“…Various detection techniques, equipment and methods are used for different types of explosive hazardous chemicals. Conventional methods include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, ion chromatography, mass spectrometry, isotope ratio mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, thermal analysis (thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)), molecular imprinting, general spectroscopic methods (fluorescence, luminescence, spectrophotometry, ultraviolet, and chemiluminescence), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. For instance, Catherine E. Hay, et al [2] proposed a simple and robust, low-cost electrochemical device for the combined sampling and detection of the trace solid explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from a non-porous surface, and the prototype device was able to detect TNT with a 30 min development time in different ambient environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Typical Solid Hazardous Chemicals Based on Hyperspectral Imaging

et al. 2021

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The identification of hazardous chemicals based on hyperspectral imaging is an important emergent means for the prevention of explosion accidents and the early warning of secondary hazards. In this study, we used a combination of spectral curve matching based on full-waveform characteristics and spectral matching based on spectral characteristics to identify the hazardous chemicals, and proposed a method to quantitatively characterize the matching degree of the spectral curves of hazardous chemicals. The results showed that the four hazardous chemicals, sulfur, red phosphorus, potassium permanganate, and corn starch had bright colors, distinct spectral curve characteristics, and obvious changes in reflectivity, which were easy to identify. Moreover, the matching degree of their spectral curves was positively correlated with their reflectivity. However, the spectral characteristics of carbon powder, strontium nitrate, wheat starch, and magnesium–aluminum alloy powder were not obvious, with no obvious characteristic peaks or trends of change in reflectivity. Except for the reflectivity and the matching degree of the carbon powder being maintained at a low level, the reflectivity of the remaining three samples was relatively close, so that it was difficult to identify with the spectral curves alone, and color information should be considered for further identification.

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Trace detection of explosive and their derivatives in stand-off mode using time gated Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Standoff Detection System Using Raman Spectroscopy in the Deep-Ultraviolet Wavelength Region for the Detection of Hazardous Gas

Standoff Detection System Using Raman Spectroscopy in the Deep-Ultraviolet Wavelength Region for the Detection of Hazardous Gas

Remote Raman Detection of Trace Explosives by Laser Beam Focusing and Plasmonic Spray Enhancement Methods

Identification of Typical Solid Hazardous Chemicals Based on Hyperspectral Imaging

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