Trace Anesthetic Effects on Perceptual, Cognitive, and Motor Skills

Bruce, Dickson D.; Bach, Mary Jean; Arbit, Jack

doi:10.1097/00000542-197405000-00010

Cited by 142 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Available clinical evidence is suggestive of cognitive impairment in working memory, a core deficiency of ADHD [86], from exposure to trace amounts of N 2 O in human male dental and medical students [87] as well as psychosis from significant acute inhalational exposure [88]. We, therefore, are the first to propose that environmental exposure to N 2 O may be the mechanism behind the positive association between glyphosate use and all-listed ADHD hospital discharge diagnoses and associated comorbidities during the period 2007 to 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate Use Predicts Healthcare Utilization for ADHD in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Fluegge¹

2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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There has been considerable international study on the etiology of rising mental disorders, such as ADHD, in human populations. As glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide in the world, we sought to test the hypothesis that glyphosate use in agriculture may be a contributing environmental factor to the increase in healthcare utilization among individuals with diagnosed ADHD.State estimates for glyphosate use and nitrogen fertilizer use were obtained from the USGS. We queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPNET) for state-level hospitalization discharge diagnosis data on all patients for all-listed ADHD cases from 2007 to 2010. The least squares dummy variable (LSDV) method and within the method using two-way fixed effects was used to elucidate the relationship between glyphosate use and all-listed ADHD hospital discharge diagnoses.A 1-kg increase in glyphosate use in one year positively predicts state-level all-listed ADHD discharge diagnoses the following year (coefficient = 5.54E-08, p<.01). A study of the effects of urbanization on the relationship between glyphosate use and ADHD indicates that the relationship is marginally significantly positive in urban U.S. counties (p<.025). Furthermore, total glyphosate use is strongly associated with total farm use of nitrogen fertilizers from 1992 to 2006 (p<.001).Glyphosate use is a significant predictor of state healthcare utilization for ADHD, with the effect concentrated in urban U.S. counties. We draw upon the econometric results to propose unique and exploratory mechanisms, borrowing principles from soil and atmospheric sciences, for how glyphosate-based herbicides may be contributing to the rise of ADHD in all populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate Use Predicts Healthcare Utilization for ADHD in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Fluegge¹

2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Much attention has been paid to the toxic effects of nitrous oxide and halothane. Possible adverse effects on the neurological and psychomotor function, the reproductive system and the bone marrow function have been examined [6][7][8][9][10]. Unfortunately, the results from both epidemiological studies and experimental Anaesthesia, 1997, 52, pages 215-219 K. Hoerauf et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Waste gas exposure during paediatric anaesthesia ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... investigations are contradictory and it has not been possible to establish any dose-effect relationships [10]. Nevertheless, United States and most European public health authorities recommend threshold values to satisfy public health concerns and to minimise possible health risks [1,5,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to sevoflurane, halothane and nitrous oxide during paediatric anaesthesia Waste gas exposure during paediatric anaesthesia

et al. 1997

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SummaryWe report the findings of a study on exposure of operating room staff to sevoflurane, halothane and nitrous oxide during induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in children. Concentrations of anaesthetic agents in the operating theatre were measured directly by highly sensitive, photoacoustic infrared spectrometer during 20 anaesthetics. Samples were taken from the breathing zones of the anaesthetist and the circulating nurse. The operating theatre was of modern design with an air conditioning system providing 20 changes of air each hour. The threshold values of 100 ppm N 2 O, 50 ppm isoflurane and 10 ppm halothane recommended by the United Kingdom Committee for Occupational Safety and Health (COSH) were exceeded in several cases for a short time during mask induction. After tracheal intubation, trace concentrations of sevoflurane, halothane and N 2 O were mostly under the recommended levels and comparable to levels measured during adult anaesthesia.

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“…Only recently have reports appeared documenting the concentration of anesthetic agents in the vicinity of the anesthetist in the operating room (19)(20)(21)(22). Linde and Bruce reported peak concentrations of 50 ppm halothane around the anesthesiologist (19), while Askrog and Peterson indicated that up to 85 ppm halothane was detected near the anesthesiologist when a nonrebreathing system was used (23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various investigators (20,86,87) also indicated that acute exposure to subanesthetic concentrations of anesthetics produces temporary deficits in a variety of human behavioral function, including memory, mood, and psychomotor impairment. Due to its small molecular size and high lipid solubility, halothane as well as other anesthetics, readily transfers across the blood-brain barrier (88).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic changes following chronic exposures to halothane: a review.

Chang¹

1977

Environ Health Perspect

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The toxic effects of halothane on the liver, kidney, and brain are reviewed. Increasing evidence has indicated that hepatic degeneration can be induced in several animal species after exposure to halothane. Recent electron microscopic investigations have also revealed cytological degeneration of the liver cells after chronic exposure to subclinical levels of halothane. Degeneration of the kidney and the nervous system after halothane exposure have also been reported. The pathological effects of halothane on the neonatal (developing) liver, kidney, and brain are also demonstrated by electron nicroscopy. Although the full significance of these observations on experimental animals in relationship to human exposure is still not known, the indication of the toxic potential of halothane on the biological system is strong and deserves further investigation.

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Trace Anesthetic Effects on Perceptual, Cognitive, and Motor Skills

Cited by 142 publications

References 0 publications

Glyphosate Use Predicts Healthcare Utilization for ADHD in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Glyphosate Use Predicts Healthcare Utilization for ADHD in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project net (HCUPnet): A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Analysis

Occupational exposure to sevoflurane, halothane and nitrous oxide during paediatric anaesthesia Waste gas exposure during paediatric anaesthesia

Pathologic changes following chronic exposures to halothane: a review.

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