Trabecular bone porosity and pore size distribution in osteoporotic patients – A low field nuclear magnetic resonance and microcomputed tomography investigation

Porrelli, Davide; Abrami, Michela; Pelizzo, Patrizia; Formentin, Cristina; Ratti, Chiara; Turco, Gianluca; Grassi, Mario; Canton, Gianluca; Murena, Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104933

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Therefore, diagnostic tools are vital for preventive and analytical purposes. BMD has been classified as one of the most important markers of bone quality, and the most effective way to assess BMD is using DEXA scans [16]. It was also found that there have been studies implemented and validated using FEA as an assessment and predictive tool of bone quality and behaviour [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth mentioning that BMD can be assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) which was reported to be the most accurate and reliable technique for the assessment of BMD [15]. Qualitative and quantitative information that can be used for Finite Elements Analysis [16] Another view to consider is the suggestion, made by Porrelli et al [16], that morphological information cannot be extracted from DEXA and ultrasonography alone in a qualitative and quantitative manner. It was reported that using a combination of MRI, low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), high resolution computed tomography (HR-CT), and micro-computed tomography (μCT) have enhanced the study of bone porosity and structure.…”

Section: Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that using a combination of MRI, low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), high resolution computed tomography (HR-CT), and micro-computed tomography (μCT) have enhanced the study of bone porosity and structure. The reason for classifying these techniques as accurate and more informative is due to the ability to build models based on the obtained data for FEA [16]. Cancellous bone appears to fill the whole top of the femur.…”

Section: Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Conventional and Novel Treatments for Osteoporotic Hip Replacements

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that severely affects the mechanical properties of bone. It increases the porosity of cancellous bone and reduces the resistance to fractures. It has been reported in 2009 that there are approximately 500 million osteoporotic patients worldwide. Patients who suffer fractures due to fragility cost the National Healthcare Systems in the United Kingdom £4.4 billion in 2018, in Europe €56 billion in 2019, and in the United States $57 billion in 2018. Thus, osteoporosis is problematic for both patients and healthcare systems. Aim: This review is conducted for the purpose of presenting and discussing all articles introducing or investigating treatment solutions for osteoporotic patients undergoing total hip replacement. Methods: Searches were implemented using three databases, namely Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science to extract all relevant articles. Predetermined eligibility criteria were used to exclude articles out of the scope of the study. Results: 29 articles out of 183 articles were included in this review. These articles were organised into three sections: (i) biomechanical properties and structure of osteoporotic bones, (ii) hip implant optimisations, and (iii) drug, cells, and bio-activators delivery through hydrogels. Discussion: The findings of this review suggest that diagnostic tools and measurements are crucial for understanding the characteristics of osteoporosis in general and for setting patient-specific treatment plans. It was also found that attempts to overcome complications associated with osteoporosis included design optimisation of the hip implant; however, only short-term success was reported, while the long-term stability of implants was compromised by the progressive nature of osteoporosis. Finally, it was also found that targeting implantation sites with cells, drugs, and growth factors has been outworked using hydrogels, where promising results have been reported regarding enhanced osteointegration and inhibited bacterial and osteoclastic activities. Conclusions: These results may encourage investigations that explore the effects of these impregnated hydrogels on osteoporotic bones beyond metallic scaffolds and implants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnostic Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Conventional and Novel Treatments for Osteoporotic Hip Replacements

et al. 2023

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“…Thus, proper pore sizes are critical for the bone regeneration properties of scaffolds. It has been reported that the pore size of trabecular bone ranges between 100 and 300 μm ( Porrelli et al, 2022 ). Osteogenesis may be promoted by simulating the hierarchical structures of natural bones by controlling the mean pore size of composite scaffolds in these dimensions ( Chen S. et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that compared with the PET/HA membranes, the expression of collagen-1 (COL-1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OCN) was upregulated in the CS/PET/HA groups, indicating that the addition of chitosan prompted proliferation or osteogenic differentiation of cells. Soriente et al (2022) and Weir and Xu (2010) also demonstrated that the ALP activities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and mouse pre-osteoblasts co-cultured with calcium phosphates are enhanced by CS. Furthermore, researchers explored the potential effect of the DD and the molecular weight of CS on this synergism.…”

Section: Osteoinductivity Of Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of chitosan/inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds on bone regeneration and related influencing factors in animal models: A systematic review

Guo

Zheng²,

Yu³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Bone tissue engineering (BTE) provides a promising alternative for transplanting. Due to biocompatibility and biodegradability, chitosan-based scaffolds have been extensively studied. In recent years, many inorganic nanomaterials have been utilized to modify the performance of chitosan-based materials. In order to ascertain the impact of chitosan/inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds on bone regeneration and related key factors, this study presents a systematic comparison of various scaffolds in the calvarial critical-sized defect (CSD) model. A total of four electronic databases were searched without publication date or language restrictions up to April 2022. The Animal Research Reporting of In Vivo Experiments 2.0 guidelines (ARRIVE 2.0) were used to assess the quality of the included studies. Moreover, the risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated via the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool. After the screening, 22 studies were selected. None of these studies achieved high quality or had a low RoB. In the available studies, scaffolds reconstructed bone defects in radically different extensions. Several significant factors were identified, including baseline characteristics, physicochemical properties of scaffolds, surgery details, and scanning or reconstruction parameters of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Further studies should focus on not only improving the osteogenic performance of the scaffolds but also increasing the credibility of studies through rigorous experimental design and normative reports.

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Bound Water and Pore Water in Osteoporosis

Nyman,

Does

2023

MRI of Short- And Ultrashort-T2 Tissues

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Trabecular bone porosity and pore size distribution in osteoporotic patients – A low field nuclear magnetic resonance and microcomputed tomography investigation

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

A Review of Conventional and Novel Treatments for Osteoporotic Hip Replacements

A Review of Conventional and Novel Treatments for Osteoporotic Hip Replacements

Effect of chitosan/inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds on bone regeneration and related influencing factors in animal models: A systematic review

Bound Water and Pore Water in Osteoporosis

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