Toxoplasmosis: The Need for Improved Diagnostic Techniques and Accurate Risk Assessment

Hughes, H. P. A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09197-5_6

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Although the infection is asymptomatic in most immunocompetent individuals, toxoplasmosis may cause severe complications in immunocompromised individuals [1, 2]. If T. gondii infection occurs during pregnancy, transplacental transmission can occur, leading to abortion or congenital malformations [2–5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Foxp3+Cells by Depletion with the PC61 mAb Induces Mortality in Resistant BALB/c Mice Infected withToxoplasma gondii

Tenorio

Olguín

Fernández

et al. 2010

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are CD4+Foxp3+ cells that modulate autoimmune responses. Tregs have been shown to be also involved during the immune response against infectious agents. The aim of this work is to study the role of Tregs during the infection with the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Resistant BALB/c mice were injected with 200 μg of anti-CD25 mAb (clone PC61) and 2 days later they were infected with 20 cysts of the ME49 strain of T. gondii. We observed that depleted mice showed 50–60% mortality during the acute infection. When FACS analysis was carried out, we observed that although injection of PC61 mAb eliminated 50% of Tregs, infected-depleted mice showed a similar percentage of CD25+Foxp3− (activated T cells, Tact) to those observed in infected nondepleted animals, demonstrating that in our depletion/infection system, injection of PC61 mAb did not hamper T cell activation while percentage of Tregs was reduced by 75% 10 days post infection. We concluded that Tregs are essential during protection in the acute phase of T. gondii infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Foxp3+Cells by Depletion with the PC61 mAb Induces Mortality in Resistant BALB/c Mice Infected withToxoplasma gondii

Tenorio

Olguín

Fernández

et al. 2010

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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“…In immunocompetent individuals, infection with this parasite usually is clinically asymptomatic, but it may cause severe complications in immunode®cient individuals and in pregnant women (Hughes 1985). In immunode®cient patients, chronic infection with T. gondii can reactivate and produce encephalitis, which is often lethal (McCabe and Remington 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic immunization with plasmid DNA coding for the ROP2 protein of Toxoplasma gondii

Leyva¹,

Hérión²,

Saavedra³

2001

Parasitology Research

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The ROP2 protein of Toxoplasma gondii has previously been proposed as a vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis. In this work we characterize the immune response induced by injection of plasmid DNA coding for this protein in three strains of mice (BALB/c, C57BL/6, and CBA/J) displaying different levels of susceptibility to toxoplasmosis and compare it with that obtained by vaccination with the live attenuated ts-4 strain of T. gondii. The ROP2 gene was cloned in the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 and the resulting plasmid, named pcDNA3/ROP2, was used to immunize mice. After three immunizations with the plasmid, mice developed antibodies that could be detected by ELISA using a recombinant truncated form of ROP2; and these antibodies also recognized the natural protein by Western blot. Plasmid immunization generated antibodies against the ROP2 of both of the IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes in CBA/J and BALB/c mice and both of the IgG1 and IgG2c isotypes in C57BL/6 mice. However, animals vaccinated with the ts-4 strain generated only IgG2a (in CBA/J and BALB/c mice) or IgG2c (in C57BL/6 mice) against ROP2. Kinetic studies of the generation of isotypes indicated that both isotypes were generated at the same time. Mice immunized with the plasmid DNA did not resist a challenge with the virulent RH strain of T. gondii, while mice vaccinated with the ts-4 strain resisted the same challenge. However, in pcDNA3/ROP2-immunized BALB/c mice, death was significantly delayed with respect to the pcDNA3-immunized control group. These results suggest that plasmid immunization using the ROP2 gene generates a mixed T(H1)/T(H2) response against ROP2, which is different from that obtained by vaccination with live tachyzoites of the ts-4 strain (T(H1) response) and is not protective against the highly virulent RH strain of the parasite.

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“…It was estimated that one-third of the world's human population is exposed to the threat of this parasite (Hughes 1985). T. gondii is an opportunistic pathogen, which is generally asymptomatic in the immunocompetent individual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in southern districts of Tamil Nadu using IgG-ELISA

et al. 2012

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Toxoplasmosis: The Need for Improved Diagnostic Techniques and Accurate Risk Assessment

Cited by 18 publications

References 115 publications

Reduction of Foxp3+Cells by Depletion with the PC61 mAb Induces Mortality in Resistant BALB/c Mice Infected withToxoplasma gondii

Reduction of Foxp3+Cells by Depletion with the PC61 mAb Induces Mortality in Resistant BALB/c Mice Infected withToxoplasma gondii

Genetic immunization with plasmid DNA coding for the ROP2 protein of Toxoplasma gondii

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in southern districts of Tamil Nadu using IgG-ELISA

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