Toxoplasmosis snapshots: Global status of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence and implications for pregnancy and congenital toxoplasmosis

Pappas, Georgios; Roussos, N.; Falagas, Matthew E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.04.003

Cited by 952 publications

(857 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…6 In the present study more than 60% of the pregnant women tested positive for IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies, which is in agreement with other studies carried out in Brazil reporting seropositivity rates ranging from 22.8% to 71.5%. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Two recent studies performed in the northwest region of São Paulo State found rates similar to those reported in the current study. 5,13 Pregnant women at risk of congenital transmission of toxoplasmosis were younger than those without risk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seropositivity rates for toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis and HIV among pregnant women receiving care at a public health service, São Paulo state, Brazil

Gonçalves¹,

Mattos²,

Spegiorin³

et al. 2010

Braz J Infect Dis

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Infectious and parasitic diseases affecting women during their reproductive age may result in vertical transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence for TORSCH among pregnant women receiving care at a university hospital. Records of 574 pregnant women who received medical attention from January 2006 to December 2007 were assessed. The mean age was 27.2 ± 6.5 years ranging from 13 to 44. The results of the immunodiagnostic tests were: 62.0% (345/556) for IgG and 3.4% (19/556) for IgM anti-T. gondii; 93.1% (433/465) for IgG and 0.6% (3/465) for IgM anti-rubella; 0.9% (5/561) for VDRL; 1.8% (10/554) for HBsAg; 0.7% (4/545) for anti-HCV and 2.1% (11/531) for HIV. In conclusion, the results of immunodiagnostic tests for the TORSCH panel among pregnant women attending a perinatal service of a university hospital are in agreement with those reported by previous studies and by governmental sources

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seropositivity rates for toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis and HIV among pregnant women receiving care at a public health service, São Paulo state, Brazil

Gonçalves¹,

Mattos²,

Spegiorin³

et al. 2010

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…2,17 Different studies indicate changing clinical and epidemiological patterns related to neurotoxoplamosis 2,7,17 and its association with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). 2,15 Together, these findings extend the importance of adopting screening routines for T. gondii infection in all newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection, with follow-up serologic depending on the context of risk associated with each individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…6,12,16 This extends the vulnerability in this population, including the increased risk of vertical transmission not only of HIV, but also of T. gondii. 4,15 Risk factors in this population reflect the data in the literature and the social, economic and cultural context of Mozambique. 19 Prevalence estimates of latent infections by T. gondii in HIV-infected patients showed a wide variation in the risk factors and ethnicity factors including classic factors such as those evaluated in this study, in terms of exposure to soil, animals and meat intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody in HIV/AIDS-infected individuals in Maputo, Mozambique

Domingos¹,

Ito

Coelho

et al. 2013

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the prevalence of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in patients infected with HIV/AIDS and the association of demographic and social variables. METHODS:Descriptive cross-sectional study that included the analysis of sociodemographic data and laboratory findings of 200 patients infected with HIV/AIDS treated in a laboratory unit in Maputo, Mozambique, in 2010. Individual data for all participants were collected with a self-administered questionnaire. Plasma samples were tested for IgG testing of anti-T. gondii using hemagglutination for the analysis of antibodies. RESULTS:The seroprevalence of IgG anti-T. gondii was 46.0% (95%CI 39.2;52.9), 39.3% (95%CI 29.5;50.0) in men and 50.9% (95%CI 41.9;59.8) in women, with no difference between sex (OR 1.30; 95%CI 0.95;1.77; p = 0.12). Ages ranged from 10 to 60 years, with a higher prevalence of infection in older age groups, but with no significant difference between them. Regularly consuming cattle meat (OR 1.74; 95%CI 1.04;2.89, p = 0.05), breeding cats/dogs (OR 6.18; 95%CI 3.60;10.62, p < 0.000) and having regular contact with soil (OR 3.38; 95%CI 2.19;5.21; p < 0.000) were significantly associated with risk of latent infection. CONCLUSIONS:Toxoplasmosis is an infection with high prevalence in Mozambique. Cultural and behavioral aspects increase the risk. Toxoplasmosis can be responsible in our environment by the great burden of morbidity and mortality associated with meningoencephalic injuries in patients with HIV/AIDS.

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“…Of note, toxoplasmosis is considered an infection associated with poverty even in the United States (26). A considerable number of studies have indicated that several factors can explain the wide variation in the the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in humans between countries and often within a specific country or between different communities in the same region, including dietary habits, socioeconomic status, cultural habits, quality of water, and sanitation coverage (7,27). Among the eight seropositive cases positive for serum anti-T. gondii IgG Abs, only one case was positive for both anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM Abs, and a subsequent IgG avidity test showed a borderline AI of 0.287.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence, Seroconversion, and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis among Pregnant Women in Taipei, Taiwan

Hung

Lee

et al. 2015

Jpn J Infect Dis

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SUMMARY: Herein, we determined the seroprevalence, seroconversion, and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection among pregnant women in Taipei, Taiwan. Pregnant women attending antenatal consultation in a Taipei medical center were invited, and 104 women completed a self-administered structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected during the first and third trimester after consent was obtained. Serum IgG and IgM antibodies (Abs) as well as IgG avidity were analyzed using an enzyme-linked fluorescent assay. Of the samples collected in the first trimester, seven were seropositive for IgG Abs and one was seropositive for IgG ＋ IgM Abs with a borderline avidity index, resulting in an overall seroprevalence of 7.7z. No statistically significant association was found between toxoplasmosis and age, pregnancy history, or any risk factors. Seroconversion was not detected from paired sera between the first and third trimesters. Pregnant women with senior high school education level or those who claimed to knowing Toxoplasma exhibited a significantly higher seroprevalence than those with bachelor degree (P ＝ 0.05) or those who claimed not to have this knowledge (P ＝ 0.05). Therefore, failure to understand the importance of T. gondii infection and the prevention measures resulted in the development of toxoplasmosis among these women.

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Toxoplasmosis snapshots: Global status of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence and implications for pregnancy and congenital toxoplasmosis

Cited by 952 publications

References 74 publications

Seropositivity rates for toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis and HIV among pregnant women receiving care at a public health service, São Paulo state, Brazil

Seropositivity rates for toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis and HIV among pregnant women receiving care at a public health service, São Paulo state, Brazil

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody in HIV/AIDS-infected individuals in Maputo, Mozambique

Seroprevalence, Seroconversion, and Risk Factors for Toxoplasmosis among Pregnant Women in Taipei, Taiwan

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