Toxoplasmosis, leptospirosis, and brucellosis seroepidemiology in veterinary medical students and their relation with unique health

Clazer, M.; Rodrigues, Graziela Vendrame; Ferreira, Bruna Paula Martins; Zaniolo, Melissa Marchi; Corrêa, Nelton Anderson Bespalez; Fortes, Maira Salomão; Navarro, Italmar Teodorico; Chideroli, Roberta Torres; Freitas, Júlio César de; Gonçalves, Daniela Dib

doi:10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n3p1347

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…While pathogenic Leptospira have mostly caused human acute disease by accidental host infection without renal carrier status ( 1 ), dogs present different degrees of acute or chronic disease and occasional colonization of the renal tubules, leading to a long-term shedding and reservoir state ( 3 ). In such a scenario, a higher prevalence of seropositive dogs in a specific area may indicate spirochete circulation among animal populations, occasionally leading to human infection ( 44 ). Molecular investigations in different hosts have shown that the genetic machinery of serogroup Canicola may lead to a similar infection potential in human beings ( 45 ), pigs and dogs ( 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Simultaneous Seroprevalence of Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in Owners and Their Domiciled Dogs in a Major City of Southern Brazil

et al. 2021

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Although leptospirosis has been considered a major concern in urban areas, no study to date has spatially and simultaneously compared both owner and dog serology in households of major cities. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to assess the seroprevalence of Leptospira antibodies, evaluate associated risk factors and conduct spatial analyses in 565 randomly selected households, which included 597 dog owners and 729 dogs in Londrina, Southern Brazil. Seropositivity by MAT were detected in in 11/597 (1.84%) owners and in 155/729 (21.26%) dogs. The risk factors were evaluated with logistic regression analysis and spatial factors and case distribution were evaluated with kernel density analyses. The sera of 14/155 (9.03%) dogs reacted for more than one serovar with the same titer. Canicola was the most frequent serogroup, detected in 3/11 (27.27%) owners and 76/155 (49.03%) dogs. The highest titer among the owners was 1:3,200 and was detected in the same household with a titer of 1:800 in the dog. Simultaneous owner-dog seropositivity was found in 7/565 (1.23%) households, with three reacted against serogroup Canicola. Positive owners were detected in 4/565 (0.70%) households and positive dogs were detected in 141/565 (24.95%) households. The associated risks of infection for dogs were different from those associated with infection in owners. Risk analyses for Canicola also identified specific factors of infection. Regardless of owner and dog cases were not statistically clustered, the kernel map has shown dog positivity occurrence in the same hot locations and near positive owners. The dependent variable analysis and logit model suggested a greater likelihood of peri-domiciliary contact with Leptospira. In conclusion, exposure to Leptospira infection was significantly higher in dogs than in their owners and human cases spatially overlapped dog cases, implicating dogs as potential environmental sentinels for this disease. In addition, the associated risk may vary according to serogroup, and the observed simultaneous Canicola seropositivity of owner and dog has suggested intradomicile-transmitted infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Simultaneous Seroprevalence of Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in Owners and Their Domiciled Dogs in a Major City of Southern Brazil

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, dogs herein were also found to potentially play a pivotal role as domestic animal carriers of Leptospira spp., given the local livestock farming prohibition. The present study has also contributed to the One Heath approach to addressing owner-dog leptospirosis in isolated communities, with insights ranging from pet-only specifics to public health assessment and concern, supporting public policies on effective surveillance, prevention and control measures [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

et al. 2023

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Leptospirosis has been described as a disease neglected worldwide. Affecting humans and animals, the disease is often related to poor environmental conditions such as lack of sanitation and presence of synanthropic rodents. Despite being considered as a One Health issue, no study has focused on comparing owner–dog seroprevalence between islands and seashore mainland. Accordingly, the present study assessed anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies by applying microscopic agglutination test (MAT) methods to Leptospira and assessing associated risk factors via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of owners and their dogs in islands and seashore mainland of southern Brazil. No anti-Leptospira spp. Seropositivity was found in 330 owner serum samples, while dogs presented an overall seroprevalence of 5.9%. All seropositive dogs reacted to serogroups of Leptospira interrogans, including 66.7% of Pyrogenes, 44.4% Canicola, 22.2% Icterohaemorrhagiae, 16.7% Australis; six reacted to more than one serogroup. No association was found among seropositivity and epidemiological variables, except that neighborhood dogs were less likely to be seropositive. Although no seropositivity was observed in owners, seropositivity in dogs had the potential to indicate such species as being sentinels for environmental exposure and potential human risk of infection.

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“…El 72,7% (33/46) declaró consumir carne cruda en su dieta y 97,8% (45/46) declaró consumir verduras crudas no sanitizadas o desinfectadas. El 82,6% (38/46) respondió haber estado en contacto con gatos en el transcurso de sus actividades académicas y 95,6% (44/46) afirmó tener hábitos de lavarse las manos después de estar en contacto con animales 27 .…”

Section: Parasitologíaunclassified

Seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en estudiantes con riesgo ocupacional

et al. 2022

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Introducción: La toxoplasmosis es una enfermedad zoonótica cuyo contagio se produce por vía oral por ingestión de quistes al consumir carne contaminada o al tener contacto con heces de felinos contaminadas con ooquistes. Con menor frecuencia, se adquiere por transmisión vertical o por trasplante de órganos infectados. En Chile, existen estudios serológicos en personas sanas e inmunodeprimidas, pero no en grupos de riesgo ocupacional, como son los estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria. Objetivo: Determinar la seroprevalencia para T. gondii en estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria de una universidad ubicada en el centro-sur del país, y ver su asociación con variable intrínsecas. Métodos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre a 74 estudiantes de una universidad del centro-sur de Chile. Se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos específicos clase IgG contra Toxoplasma gondii mediante la técnica de inmunoanálisis por quimioluminiscencia en fase solida secuencial. Resultados. Del total de alumnos, 16 fueron seropositivos lo que equivale a 21,6%, el mayor número de estudiantes seropositivos fue de sexo femenino (75%), se encontraban en el rango etario entre 24 y 26 años de edad (43,7%), todos consumían carne y verduras (100%) y realizaban la recolección de heces de gatos sin protección 50 (68,7%). Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la presencia de anticuerpos contra T. gondii en alumnos de Medicina Veterinaria. Según el conocimiento de los autores, es el primer estudio serológico para toxoplasmosis realizado en estudiantes universitarios de Medicina Veterinaria en Chile.

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Toxoplasmosis, leptospirosis, and brucellosis seroepidemiology in veterinary medical students and their relation with unique health

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial and Simultaneous Seroprevalence of Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in Owners and Their Domiciled Dogs in a Major City of Southern Brazil

Spatial and Simultaneous Seroprevalence of Anti-Leptospira Antibodies in Owners and Their Domiciled Dogs in a Major City of Southern Brazil

Spatial Owner-Dog Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. Antibodies in Oceanic Islands and Costal Mainland of Southern Brazil

Seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en estudiantes con riesgo ocupacional

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