Toxoplasmosis: A Timeless Challenge for Pregnancy

Çakırca, Tuba Damar; Can, İlkay Nur; Deniz, Melis; Torun, Ayşe Nur; AKCABAY>, Çiğdem; Güzelçiçek, Ahmet

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed8010063

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These ndings coincided with Kazemi et al (18) who detected an abortion rate of 32% among IgG seropositive women and concluded that toxoplasma infection could be considered the most signi cant cause of abortion. Also, Çakırca et al (19) reported a prevalence and acute infection rates of toxoplasmosis of 46.2% and 4% among pregnant women with an incidence of the mother-to-child transmission rate of 5%. Further, Hassan et al (20) detected IgG seropositivity to T. gondii in 45.2% of their series of pregnant women and found the rate of seropositive women changed in ascending direction with pregnancy progress from 44.2-67.7% in the 1st and 3rd trimesters, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deregulation of MicroRNA-146a and 155 Expression Levels might underlie complicated pregnancy in Toxoplasma gondii seronegative women.

Naguib,

zaher,

Ali

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background To evaluate the ability of the estimated plasma expression levels of genes of microRNA (MiR-) 146a and 155 to differentiate between samples of pregnant women suspected to be infected by T. gondii. 50 newly pregnant women who had at least one of the criteria of high risk for toxoplasma infection and 50 newly primigravida women free of these criteria gave blood samples for qualitative determination of serum toxoplasma antibodies and estimation of plasma expression levels of MiR-146a and 155 using the qRT-PCR. During the pregnancy course, the incidence of pregnancy complications was recorded Results Twenty-six women were IgM−/IgG−, 17 women were IgM+/IgG− and 7 women were IgM+/IgG+. Thirty-two women had pregnancy complications with significantly lower incidence in IgM−/IgG− women. Plasma expression levels of MiR-146a and 155 were significantly higher in total patients compared to control levels and were significantly higher in samples of IgM+/IgG+ patients than in other samples. Statistical analyses defined a high plasma level of MiR-155 as the highly significant predictor for oncoming pregnancy complications and high levels of both microRNAs as predictors for the presence of toxoplasmosis despite seronegativity. Kaplan-Meier regression analysis defined increasing cumulative risk of having toxoplasmosis despite seronegativity with plasma levels of MiR-146a and MiR-155 of 1.2 and 3, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of pregnancy complications is high, irrespective of the seronegativity of women at high risk of toxoplasmosis. Estimated plasma levels of MiR-155 might identify women liable to develop complications and differentiate seronegative women vulnerable to having T. gondii infection. Trial registration: The study protocol was approved preliminarily by the Local Ethical Committee at Benha Faculty of Medicine. Before enrollment, the study protocol was discussed in detail with the study participants, and those accepted to participate in the study signed written fully informed consents. The final approval of the study protocol was obtained after the end of case collection and registered by RC: 5-11-2022.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deregulation of MicroRNA-146a and 155 Expression Levels might underlie complicated pregnancy in Toxoplasma gondii seronegative women.

Naguib,

zaher,

Ali

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] The reactivation of eye infection caused by T. gondii is frequent because it is an immunologically favorable environment [26,29,31,[34][35][36] and pregnancy is a facilitating factor for its reactivation due to the immunotolerance that it confers on the host. [26,[37][38][39] The T. gondii parasite, when penetrating the human cell, activates several cytokine genes such as IL-10, IL-1β, IFN-γ, which are associated with the development of ocular toxoplasmosis. [3,33,[40][41][42] A study shows that the appearance of eye lesions is a consequence of the susceptibility of the host gene associated with exposure to more virulent strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Retinochoroiditis Caused by <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>

Gomes,

De Faria Jr,

Pereira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective: To evaluate which risk factors contribute directly or indirectly to Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis. Methods: Between 2018-2020, a total of 306 patients were selected, and treated at the Retinology Outpatient Clinic of the Specialty Hospital of Sāo José do Rio Preto, in the state of São Paulo. After the fundoscopy test, the Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) was used to determine IgG and IgM class anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Results: The results showed that individuals aged 60 years or older, and women who had a previous pregnancy, (p=0.000, OR= 8.137 and 95 % CI = 2.562 – 25.844), (p=0.016, OR= 7.395 and CI 95 % = 1,449 – 37,725) respectively, were 48.6 % more likely to develop ocular toxoplasmosis. Conclusion: In this way, previous pregnancy is a risk factor for the reactivation of toxoplasma, as well as for the generation of retinochoroiditis in previously infected women.

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“…Several studies have indicated that many toxoplasmosis cases are not reported or are not detected because of mild conditions or because the disease is prevalent. 12 , 13 Preliminary results showed the significant effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in preventing transmission and decreasing the severity of toxoplasmosis infections; however, not all studies have supported such dramatic improvement. 14 Postnatal vaccination is acknowledged to be an effective approach for the prevention of congenital rubella syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal Screening for Toxoplasmosis and Rubella in Saudi Arabia: Assessing the Need for Screening

Al-Mughales,

Al-Rabia

2023

JMDH

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Objective Antenatal screening programs are highly recommended to limit maternal and neonatal infections such as toxoplasmosis and rubella. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of maternal toxoplasma and rubella among pregnant women tested during antenatal screening at the King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study targeted pregnant women attending the King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during the period of 2019–2022 for antenatal follow-up. This study included 3653 pregnant women who attended an antenatal screening. The clinical consequences of pregnancy were evaluated and categorized into six main categories based on the related complications and comorbidities of the pregnant women. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program as a descriptive statistic, and an ANOVA was used to test the associations. Results The study findings showed that 12% of women were seropositive for toxoplasmosis and 71.4% were seropositive for rubella, and it found that almost all women (except two) were seronegative for Toxo IgM (immunoglobulin M) and rubella IgM, which indicates the absence of recent infections during the pregnancy. Approximately 19% and 4% of women who had no comorbidities experienced complicated pregnancies and delivery, respectively. Moreover, 1.3% of the pregnant women had comorbidities, complicated pregnancies, and problems during delivery. The mean Toxo IgG level was significantly higher in women with normal pregnancies than in those with other pregnancies. Rubella immunoglobulin levels did not significantly correlate with pregnancy or delivery problems. Conclusion The seropositivity prevalence of toxoplasma Ig M and rubella Ig M were very low at the King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia, indicating absence of current infections. However, the benefits of routine antenatal screening in pregnant women remain unclear. This study was conducted at one hospital, with a limited sample of participants, and did not yield adequate evidence to recommend a broader implementation of antenatal testing for toxoplasmosis and rubella.

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Toxoplasmosis: A Timeless Challenge for Pregnancy

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Deregulation of MicroRNA-146a and 155 Expression Levels might underlie complicated pregnancy in Toxoplasma gondii seronegative women.

Deregulation of MicroRNA-146a and 155 Expression Levels might underlie complicated pregnancy in Toxoplasma gondii seronegative women.

Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Retinochoroiditis Caused by <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>

Antenatal Screening for Toxoplasmosis and Rubella in Saudi Arabia: Assessing the Need for Screening

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