Toxoplasma gondii Upregulates Interleukin-12 To Prevent Plasmodium berghei-Induced Experimental Cerebral Malaria

Settles, Erik W.; Moser, Lindsey A.; Harris, Tajie H.; Knoll, Laura J.

doi:10.1128/iai.01259-13

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The current study highlights the importance of using male and female mice when studying the immune responses to T. gondii. Our previous studies of chronic T. gondii infection being protective against other pathogens were all performed exclusively in female mice (8,37,38). Our methods in those earlier reports did not state the sex of the mice, but our records indicate that only female mice were used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Transcriptional Analysis Shows a Robust Host Response toToxoplasma gondiiduring Early and Late Chronic Infection in Both Male and Female Mice

2019

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The long-term host effects caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are poorly understood. High-throughput RNA sequencing analysis previously determined that the host response in the brain was greater and more complex at 28 days than at 10 days postinfection. Here, we analyzed the host transcriptional profile of age- and sex-matched mice during very early (21 days), early (28 days), mid (3 months), and late (6 months) chronic infection. We found that a majority of the host genes which increase in abundance at day 21 postinfection are still increased at 6 months postinfection for both male and female mice. While most of the differentially expressed genes were similar between sexes, females had far fewer genes that were significantly less abundant, which may have led to the slightly increased cyst burden in males. Transcripts for C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 and a C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) were significantly higher in females than in males during infection. As T. gondii chronic infection and profilin (PRF) confer resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection in a CCR2-dependent manner, the differences in CCR2 expression led us to retest the protection of PRF in both sexes. Male mice were nearly as effective as female mice at reducing the bacterial burden either with a chronic infection or when treated with PRF. These data show that most of the host genes differentially expressed in response to T. gondii infection are similar between males and females. While differences in transcript abundance exist between the sexes, the infection phenotypes tested here did not show significant differences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Transcriptional Analysis Shows a Robust Host Response toToxoplasma gondiiduring Early and Late Chronic Infection in Both Male and Female Mice

2019

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“…T. gondii tachyzoites were cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) [ 21 ]. HFFs infected with tachyzoites were collected, centrifuged at 985× g for 10 min and washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein

Liu

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Toxoplasma gondii infection endangers human health and affects animal husbandry. Serological detection is the main method used for epidemiological investigations and diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The key to effective diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is the use of a standardized antigen and a specific and sensitive detection method. Peroxiredoxin is an antigenic protein and vaccine candidate antigen of T. gondii that has not yet been exploited for diagnostic application. Methods In this study, recombinant T. gondii peroxiredoxin protein (rTgPrx) was prepared and used in dot-immunogold-silver staining (Dot-IGSS) to detect IgG antibodies in serum from mice and pregnant women. The rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS method was established and optimized using mouse serum. Furthermore, serum samples from pregnant women were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS. Results Forty serum samples from mice infected with T. gondii and twenty negative serum samples were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS were 97.5 and 100%, respectively, equivalent to those of a commercial ELISA kit for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody. Furthermore, 540 serum samples from pregnant women were screened with a commercial ELISA kit. Eighty-three positive and 60 negative serum samples were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS. The positive rate was 95.18%, comparable to that obtained with the commercial ELISA kit. Conclusions The Dot-IGSS method with rTgPrx as an antigen might be useful for diagnosing T. gondii infection in individuals.

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“…Preparation of test serum T. gondii tachyzoites were cultured in human foreskin broblasts (HFFs) [20]. HFFs infected with tachyzoites were collected, centrifuged at 985 × g for 10 min and washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”

Section: Preparation Of Rtgprxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection endangers human health and affects animal husbandry. Serological detection is the main method used for epidemiological investigations and diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The key to effective diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is the use of a standardized antigen and a specific and sensitive detection method. Peroxiredoxin is an antigenic protein and vaccine candidate antigen of T. gondii that has not yet been exploited for diagnostic application. Methods: In this study, recombinant T. gondii peroxiredoxin protein (rTgPrx) was prepared and used in dot-immunogold-silver staining (Dot-IGSS) to detect IgG antibodies in serum from mice and pregnant women. The rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS method was established and optimized using mouse serum. Furthermore, serum samples from pregnant women were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS.Results: Forty serum samples from mice infected with T. gondii and twenty negative serum samples were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS were 97.5% and 100%, respectively, equivalent to those of a commercial ELISA kit for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody. Furthermore, 540 serum samples from pregnant women were screened with a commercial ELISA kit. Eighty-three positive and 60 negative serum samples were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS. The positive rate was 95.18%, comparable to that obtained with the commercial ELISA kit.Conclusions: The Dot-IGSS method with rTgPrx as an antigen might be useful for diagnosing T. gondii infection in individuals.

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Toxoplasma gondii Upregulates Interleukin-12 To Prevent Plasmodium berghei-Induced Experimental Cerebral Malaria

Cited by 18 publications

References 83 publications

Transcriptional Analysis Shows a Robust Host Response toToxoplasma gondiiduring Early and Late Chronic Infection in Both Male and Female Mice

Transcriptional Analysis Shows a Robust Host Response toToxoplasma gondiiduring Early and Late Chronic Infection in Both Male and Female Mice

Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein

Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein

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