Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in dairy and beef cattle: Large-scale epidemiological study in Estonia

Jokelainen, Pikka; Tagel, Maarja; Mõtus, Kerli; Viltrop, Arvo; Lassen, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.014

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii in bovine carcasses was 17.38% [12.73-23.26] at a cut-off titer of 6. This is in accordance with previous results obtained in France [31,52], in other European countries (Spain: 18.6% [4], Estonia 18.62% [38]), or elsewhere in the world (Senegal: 13% [17]), with the same technique and testing a high number of samples (>1000). However, seroprevalence in cattle varies greatly throughout the world, ranging from 0% to 92% [2, 10, 21, 26, 31, 36-41, 45, 47, 50, 51, 55, 57].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…4-6), suggesting no life-long immunity and possible re-infection by T. gondii in cattle. Similar age-related seroprevalence patterns were obtained in a recent study in Estonia [38], where the seroprevalence increased until the age of 5 years (60-71 months), after which there was no evident linear pattern. One possible explanation might be that antibodies do not persist in cattle, already shown by Dubey and Thulliez [26] and Gilot-Fromont et al [31], while antibodies could persist several years in sheep [27], pigs [19], or other animals [28].…”

Section: Factorsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…One possible explanation might be that antibodies do not persist in cattle, already shown by Dubey and Thulliez [26] and Gilot-Fromont et al [31], while antibodies could persist several years in sheep [27], pigs [19], or other animals [28]. Another explanation might be that seropositive animals were culled earlier, therefore T. gondii infection might be negatively associated with longevity [38]. Moreover, it was shown that the presence of cats modified the age-seroprevalence relationship [31].…”

Section: Factormentioning

confidence: 95%

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Toxoplasma gondiiin beef consumed in France: regional variation in seroprevalence and parasite isolation

et al. 2019

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In France, the consumption of cattle and sheep meat appears to be a risk factor for infection of pregnant women with Toxoplasma gondii. Several nation-wide surveys in France have investigated the prevalence of T. gondii in sheep and pig meat, but little is known at present about the prevalence of the parasite in beef. The main objective of the present cross-sectional survey was to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in beef consumed in France. A secondary objective was to attempt to isolate T. gondii from cattle tissues and to study the geographical and age variations of this seroprevalence. The overall estimate of seroprevalence of T. gondii in bovine carcasses (n = 2912), for a threshold of 1:6 was 17.38%. A strong age effect was observed (p < 0.0001) with a seroprevalence of 5.34% for calves (<8 months) and 23.12% for adults (>8 months). Seroprevalence estimates given by area of birth and area of slaughtering for adults showed that the areas with the highest seroprevalence were not the same between these two variables. Only two strains, corresponding to genotype II, were isolated from heart samples, indicating that there is a limited risk of human infection with T. gondii, which needs to be correlated with the food habit of consuming raw or undercook (bleu or saignant) beef. However, new questions have emerged, especially concerning the isolation of parasites from beef and the precise role of bovines, generally described as poor hosts for T. gondii, in human infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Factorsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Factormentioning

confidence: 95%

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Toxoplasma gondiiin beef consumed in France: regional variation in seroprevalence and parasite isolation

et al. 2019

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“…There is no agreement with respect to the cut-off titer for MAT for the detection of T. gondii antibodies in cattle. Using a cut-off titer of 100, as in the present study, T. gondii antibodies were found in 18.6% (743 of 3991) of cattle in Estonia (Jokelainen et al, 2017). Compared with the study from Estonia, the prevalence of T. gondii antibodies in Algeria was just 4.4% (13 of 295; cut-off titer of 25) and only two animals were positive at a titer of 100 (Khames et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…Cut-off titers of 20 for sheep, goats (Sousa et al, 2009;Lopes et al, 2013) and pigs (Dubey et al, 1995;Lopes et al, 2013) and of 100 for cattle (Dubey & Jones, 2008;Lopes et al, 2013;Jokelainen et al, 2017) were chosen to maximize sensitivity and specificity of the test. The MAT is considered the most reliable, sensitive and specific test for the detection of antibodies to T. gondii in various hosts and does not require speciesspecific reagents (Desmonts & Remington, 1980;Dubey & Desmonts, 1987;Dubey et al, 1995).…”

Section: Serological Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cattle, sheep, goats and pigs from São Tomé and Príncipe

Pereira

Mata

Neto

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Despite the global importance of the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii, little is known regarding its infection in the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (DRSTP). This is the first report of antibodies to T. gondii in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs from the DRSTP. Antibodies were assessed by the modified agglutination test (MAT), with a cut-off titer of 100 for cattle and 20 for sheep, goats and pigs. The present study revealed an overall seroprevalence of 55.8%; 27.1% in 48 cattle, 68.4% in 98 sheep, 70.1% in 97 goats and 43.7% in 103 pigs. The south geographical area for cattle, the central area for sheep, and adult age and living in the central region for goats were found to be risk factors for seropositivity to T. gondii. These results support the scenario of a considerable presence of sporulated oocysts as well as of infected intermediate hosts in the local environment. Consumption of raw or undercooked meat should be considered as an important potential source of infection for animals and humans in the DRSTP.

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Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in beef cattle raised in Italy: a multicenter study

et al. 2020

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Toxoplasmosis represents an important public health issue, with the consumption of raw or undercooked meat being a major way of human infection. The role of beef in the transmission of the parasite to humans is questioned due to lower quantity of tissue cysts compared with other meat-producing species. However, the habit of consuming raw beef is regionally diffused, and the risk posed by Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle should not be overlooked. Therefore, to update information on T. gondii in cattle reared in Italy, a multicentric seroepidemiological survey was designed and implemented in four Northern regions (Liguria, Lombardy, Piedmont, and Trentino Alto Adige) and Sardinia. Overall, a convenience sampling was performed, collecting 1444 serum samples from 57 beef cattle herds. Thirteen beef breeds were sampled, besides cross-breed; bovines age varied from 3 months to over 12 years. Sera were tested with a commercial ELISA for the detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. Individual and herd data were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. A T. gondii seroprevalence of 10.2% was recorded, with differences among regions and values ranging from 5.3% in Liguria to 18.6% in the Piedmont region (p value = 0.0001). Both young and adult animals and males and females tested positive, without any significant difference (age and gender: p value > 0.05). Lower seroprevalence values were recorded in cattle born in Italy (8.7%) if compared with animals imported from abroad (13.4%) (p value = 0.046). The spread of T. gondii in beef cattle destined to Italian consumers is confirmed, suggesting the need of continuous monitoring of the infection.

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Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in dairy and beef cattle: Large-scale epidemiological study in Estonia

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Toxoplasma gondiiin beef consumed in France: regional variation in seroprevalence and parasite isolation

Toxoplasma gondiiin beef consumed in France: regional variation in seroprevalence and parasite isolation

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cattle, sheep, goats and pigs from São Tomé and Príncipe

Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in beef cattle raised in Italy: a multicenter study

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