Toxoplasma gondii infection: What is the real situation?

Chemoh, Waenurama; Sawangjaroen, Nongyao; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot; Suwanrath, Chitkasaem; Chandeying, Verapol; Hortiwakul, Thanaporn; Andiappan, Hemah; Sermwittayawong, Natthawan; Charoenmak, Bunsri; Siripaitoon, Pisut; Lekkla, Amorn; Sukthana, Yaowalark

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2013.10.001

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the comparison with previous data independently collected from pregnant women showed similar trends. Moreover, an advantage of our data is to have been provided by using the same screening commercial kit and thereby limiting variation in multiple kit use that is commonly found in the literature ( Chemoh et al, 2013 ). Other biases could be discussed for the estimation of the seroprevalence values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Decline of Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Hospital: A 1997–2014 Longitudinal Study in Paris, France

et al. 2018

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Background: The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii presents a risk for reactivation of latent cysts in immunocompromised patients. Anti-T. gondii antibodies are therefore usually screened before chemotherapy or transplantation to propose prophylactic measures against this parasite. We analyzed the results obtained in our hospital to study the epidemiological trend of T. gondii infection.Methods: We collected all the anti-Toxoplasma antibody titers from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2013 using the Platelia IgG ELISA assay (Bio-Rad). The results were classified as positive when titers reached a concentration of ≥10 UI/ml. Only the first result obtained at entry for each patient was considered. T. gondii seroprevalence was estimated using a multivariate logistic regression model accounting for age, sex, and year in which the sample was collected.Results: A total of 21,480 patient samples were analyzed. The seroprevalence continuously decreased over time, from 64.5% in 1997 to 54.7% in 2013 (i.e., an average of 1.3% per year, p < 0.001). The decrease was 5.0% per year for patients <20 years. After 2013, the model predicts that the seroprevalence would continuously decrease. We also observed a higher proportion of seropositive men than women in the 15- to 45-year-old group (58.5% versus 52.0%, p < 10-3).Conclusion: The overall seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis at our hospital showed an accelerating downward trend over 17 years. The reason for this continuous decline is likely associated with the lower parasite presence within meat. Thus, although young immunocompromised patients are increasingly less at risk of reactivation in the near future, older immunocompromised patients will remain at high risk of reactivation. The reasons of the higher prevalence in men remain to be explored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Decline of Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Hospital: A 1997–2014 Longitudinal Study in Paris, France

et al. 2018

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“…This is higher than a study among immunocompetent pregnant women (28.3%) in a study conducted in the same location at the same time (Nissapatorn et al, 2011). Differences in the sensitivity of the ELISA test kit may account for the differences in the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection (Chemoh et al, 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii – Prevalence and Risk Factors in HIV-infected Patients from Songklanagarind Hospital, Southern Thailand

et al. 2015

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Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common opportunistic parasitic diseases in patients living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in HIV-infected patients and to identify associated risk factors in Toxoplasma seropositive patients. This study was conducted at a regional public hospital in Hat Yai, southern Thailand during October 2009 to June 2010. Blood samples were collected from 300 HIV-infected patients. Each subject also answered a socio-demographic and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection. The prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in HIV-infected patients was 109 (36.3%), of which 83 (76.2%) had past infection and 26 (23.9%) had recently acquired Toxoplasma infection as indicated by their IgG avidity. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that gender difference (adjusted OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.05–2.72) was the only factor associated with Toxoplasma infection. From the results obtained, these HIV-infected patients could be at high risk of developing clinical evidence of severe toxoplasmosis. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce primary behavioral practices to prevent Toxoplasma infection among HIV-infected patients.

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“…The parasite’s definitive hosts are felines. Multiple routes of human infection have been reported, including ingestion of contaminated water or undercooked meat, blood products, transplants and congenital infection [29, 30]. Upon infection, T .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Multiplex Serology for human hepatitis viruses B and C, human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and Toxoplasma gondii

et al. 2019

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Multiplex Serology is a high-throughput technology developed to simultaneously measure specific serum antibodies against multiple pathogens in one reaction vessel. Serological assays for hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses, human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) were developed and validated against established reference assays. For each pathogen, between 3 and 5 specific antigens were recombinantly expressed as GST-tag fusion proteins in Escherichia coli and tested in Monoplex Serology, i.e. assays restricted to the antigens from one particular pathogen. For each of the four pathogen-specific Monoplex assays, overall seropositivity was defined using two pathogen-specific antigens. In the case of HBV Monoplex Serology, the detection of past natural HBV infection was validated based on two independent reference panels resulting in sensitivities of 92.3% and 93.0%, and specificities of 100% in both panels. Validation of HCV and HTLV-1 Monoplex Serology resulted in sensitivities of 98.0% and 95.0%, and specificities of 96.2% and 100.0%, respectively. The Monoplex Serology assay for T. gondii was validated with a sensitivity of 91.2% and specificity of 92.0%. The developed Monoplex Serology assays largely retained their characteristics when they were included in a multiplex panel (i.e. Multiplex Serology), containing additional antigens from a broad range of other pathogens. Thus HBV, HCV, HTLV-1 and T. gondii Monoplex Serology assays can efficiently be incorporated into Multiplex Serology panels tailored for application in seroepidemiological studies.

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Toxoplasma gondii infection: What is the real situation?

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Continuous Decline of Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Hospital: A 1997–2014 Longitudinal Study in Paris, France

Continuous Decline of Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence in Hospital: A 1997–2014 Longitudinal Study in Paris, France

Toxoplasma gondii – Prevalence and Risk Factors in HIV-infected Patients from Songklanagarind Hospital, Southern Thailand

Validation of Multiplex Serology for human hepatitis viruses B and C, human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and Toxoplasma gondii

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