Toxoplasma gondii: Are There any Implications for Routine Blood Screening?

Foroutan, Masoud; Majidiani, Hamidreza

doi:10.5812/iji.62886

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…In addition, blood transfusion could be another route of transmission of T. gondii infection that could cause serious problems in immunocompromized and multitransfused persons [27]. Seropositive blood donors, particularly those who are in the acute stage of infection, could in rare cases play a role in transmission [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among healthy blood donors in two locations in Tunisia and associated risk factors

et al. 2020

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Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that can be transmitted to humans through a variety of routes including blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and associated risk factors in healthy blood donors in Tunisia. A total of 800 healthy blood donors from two blood centers in south and coastal Tunisia were analyzed for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA), respectively. Structured questionnaires were used to gather information on risk factors for T. gondii infection during collection. The overall seroprevalence was 44.4% of which 352 (44%) and 3 (0.4%) were positive for IgG and both IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity was significantly associated with the birth place (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–4.94) and the age of the donors (adjusted OR = 4.98; 95% CI: 1.50–16.58) which are independent risk factors. In addition, the variables of hand washing before eating (adjusted OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.37–0.74) and living in an urban environment (adjusted OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13–0.71) are two protective factors. This study provided the first data on the seroprevalence and epidemiology of T. gondii infection in healthy blood donors in Tunisia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among healthy blood donors in two locations in Tunisia and associated risk factors

et al. 2020

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“…Cats are the only definitive hosts, and several warm-blooded mammals, including humans, rodents, birds, etc. serve as intermediate hosts [ 3 7 8 9 ]. Additionally, Toxoplasma gondii was reported in snakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in microneme-based vaccines development againstToxoplasma gondii

Foroutan

Ghaffarifar

2018

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease, which infect several warm-blooded mammals. More than one-third of the human population are seropositive worldwide. Due to the high seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection worldwide, the resulting clinical, mental, and economical complications, as well as incapability of current drugs in the elimination of parasites within tissue cysts, the development of a vaccine against T. gondii would be critical. In the past decades, valuable advances have been achieved in order to identification of vaccine candidates against T. gondii infection. Microneme proteins (MICs) secreted by the micronemes play a critical role in the initial stages of host cell invasion by parasites. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress for MIC-based vaccines development, such as DNA vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, vaccines based on live-attenuated vectors, and prime-boost strategy in different mouse models. In conclusion, the use of live-attenuated vectors as vehicles to deliver and express the target gene and prime-boost regimens showed excellent outcomes in the development of vaccines against toxoplasmosis, which need more attention in the future studies.

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“…Therefore, the presence of IgG antibody is not indicative for infectivity in the donated blood . In view of the above facts, the cord blood with IgM and IgG positivity cannot conclusively state that there is a parasitemia and a risk of transmission of infection and so these methods do not compile the efficiency to be considered as cord blood screening tests. Accordingly, the PCR method to explore T gondii DNA is required …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular screening of umbilical cord blood for Toxoplasma gondii infection

Botein

Darwish

El-Tantawy

et al. 2019

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Background: Human umbilical cord blood has proven to be a successful alternate source of hematopoietic stem cells for pediatric patients with major hematologic disorders. Toxoplasma gondii is a global opportunistic protozoan which cause fatal complications in immunocompromised individuals. Aim:Our goal is to study the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and to assess the sensitivity of ELISA and PCR for Toxoplasma infection screening. Material and Methods:One hundred cord blood samples were collected immediately after delivery. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were determined using ELISA method; Toxoplasma DNA was detected using nested PCR technique. Total nucleated cells (TNC) and HB were also determined. Demographic data and risk factors data related to the transmission of toxoplasmosis, were collected from mothers. Results:Among 100 cord blood samples, 36 (36%) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies and 6 (6%) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies. The nested PCR showed 11 (11%) samples containing Toxoplasma DNA from which, 6 (55%) samples were IgM positive. There was no significant association between the risk of Toxoplasma transmission and cord blood positivity for toxoplasmosis. Conclusion:Owing to the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, its rapid progression and its fatal outcome in immunocompromised patients, cord blood screening for toxoplasmosis with nested PCR should be incorporated into cord blood bank screening protocols. K E Y W O R D Sbank, cord blood, diagnosis, screening, Toxoplasma

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Toxoplasma gondii: Are There any Implications for Routine Blood Screening?

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among healthy blood donors in two locations in Tunisia and associated risk factors

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among healthy blood donors in two locations in Tunisia and associated risk factors

Recent progress in microneme-based vaccines development againstToxoplasma gondii

Serological and molecular screening of umbilical cord blood for Toxoplasma gondii infection

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