Toxicopathological Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Liver Function and Preventive Role of Silymarin In vivo

Abstract

The zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are used in cosmetics and skincare products, and as drug delivery systems. Because of their natural and therapeutic dangers, high attention was given to the toxicity of nanoparticles. This experiment was designed to study the pathological influences of ZnONPs on the liver function parameters of rats, and to explore the protective action of Silymarin (SIL) against liver function disturbances of rats induced by ZnONPs. In our study, ( 24) albino rats were divided into (4) groups, ( 6) rats for each and used. The control animals included rats without treatment, while the ZnONPs group rats received 50 mg/kg of ZnONPs for 28 days. In the ZnONPs+SIL group, rats were co-administered with a combination of ZnONPs at a 50mg/kg dose with SIL at a 100 mg/kg dose for 28 days. The SIL group animals were treated with 100 mg/kg of SIL for 28 days. All the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture in the end of the experiments. The levels of biochemical parameters (hepatic enzymes) including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured to detect liver function disorders. The results revealed that ZnONPs induced a significant increase in plasma enzyme activity in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). Cotreatment of SIL significantly reduced levels of these enzyme activities. Based on these results, it can be said that Silymarin effectively protects against ZnONPs induced liver function disorders in rats.

Prophylactic Efficacy of Silymarin upon Renal Dysfunction Induced by Copper Oxide Nanoparticle

“…CUO-NPs increased BU, CR, and UR serum levels notably, and the tissue level of GSH reduced, while MDA elevated markedly. This is in agreement with several previous studies documented that metal NPs may cause oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and inflammatory processes in vitro as well as in vivo [27][28][29][30].It is known that the kidney is primary excretory organ in the body for toxins and chemicals, including nanoparticles, after their penetration and distribution in the circulatory system [31,32]. Upon entry of CuO-NPs through any route of exposure including ingestion into the body, these nanoparticles react either with the acidity of lysosomes or mitochondria, prompting reactive oxygen species)ROS ( generation, which represents as a compelling approach to linked toxicity with copper oxide nanoparticles.…”

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“…Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are semiconductor metal oxide nanoparticles widely used in biomedical fields, as well as in the cosmetics and skin care products. It is important to note that nano-composites have toxic properties determined by factors such as size, structure and main components, shape, physical and chemical properties, and method of synthesis, which affect health [1,2]. Toxicity that is mediated by nano particles consists of oxidative stress, infection, genetic harm, preventing cell division and cell loss [3,4].…”