Toxicological study of some conventional and nonconventional insecticides and their mixtures against cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noectudae)

Emamectin benzoate: Potential larvicide and antifeedant agent against cotton Boll worm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…As stated earlier, the effectiveness of Emamectin benzoate as a larvicide has been reported by Saeed et al (2012) in Pakistan against S. exigua revealing LC 50 value of 0.005 mg/L. Higher larvicidal efficiency of Emamectin benzoate against 2 nd instar of S. littoralis as compared to spinosad has been evidenced by Korrat et al (2012). The present study also assessed the impact of Emamectin benzoate on the feeding behaviour of early fourth instars of H. armigera using no-choice bioassay.…”

Comparative toxicity and sublethal effects of emamectin benzoate, lufenuron and spinosad on Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…The effectiveness of EB, LU, and SP in binary combinations showed no activation or increase in toxicity, which indicates that combination of these insecticides may not be useful in S. littoralis control. In a study of the toxic effects of profenofos, EB, SP and chlorfluazuron, Korrat et al (2012) exposed 2nd instar of S. littoralis to individual and binary sublethal concentrations using a leaf dipping technique. Their results showed that EB was the most effective insecticide on 2nd instar and SP was the least effective insecticide, which is in agreement with the finding of this study for both 3rd and 5th instar mortality.…”

Disturbing Effects of Three Insect Growth Regulators on General Body Metabolism of the Olive Leaf Moth, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…In the developed pupae, the lipid content was pronouncedly increased by Novaluron and Methoxyfenozide but dramatically reduced by Pyriproxyfen. Therefore, alternative materials have been initiated recently to minimize the insecticide hazards and introduce of new effective and safer ways with negligible effects on the ecosystem (Korrat et al, 2012;Derbalah et al, 2014). During the last few decades, a new class of comparatively safe compounds have been developed and known as insect growth regulators (IGRs) (Dhadialla et al, 1998;Khan and Qamar, 2012).…”

“…Thereafter, it was reported as a potent JHA disturbing the hormonal balance in insects of several orders resulting thereby in a strong suppression of embryogenesis, metamorphosis, adult formation, oviposition, fecundity and egg viability (Ishaaya and Horowitz, 1995;Aribi et al, 2006;Ghasemi et al, 2010;Hatakoshi, 2012;Ohba et al, 2013;Sabry and Abdou, 2016). Pyriproxyfen has been reported as a broad-spectrum IGR with insecticidal activity against agricultural, horticultural and public health insect pests (Korrat et al, 2012), and has been successfully used to control important pests of many agricultural crops all over the world (Sazo et al, 2008;Moadeli et al, 2014). It was found safe for a variety of predatory arthropods (Naranjo et al, 2003) and compatible with natural enemy conservation (Liu and Stansly, 2004) as well as much less toxic to the ecosystem (Korrat et al, 2012), mammals (Mohandass et al, 2006, some aquatic organisms and is nontoxic to bees (Dhadialla et al, 2005).…”

“…Pyriproxyfen has been reported as a broad-spectrum IGR with insecticidal activity against agricultural, horticultural and public health insect pests (Korrat et al, 2012), and has been successfully used to control important pests of many agricultural crops all over the world (Sazo et al, 2008;Moadeli et al, 2014). It was found safe for a variety of predatory arthropods (Naranjo et al, 2003) and compatible with natural enemy conservation (Liu and Stansly, 2004) as well as much less toxic to the ecosystem (Korrat et al, 2012), mammals (Mohandass et al, 2006, some aquatic organisms and is nontoxic to bees (Dhadialla et al, 2005).…”