Toxicological studies with sodium cyclamate and saccharin

Taylor, J. D.; Richards, R. K.; Wiegand, Ronald G.; Weinberg, Myron S.

doi:10.1016/s0015-6264(68)80002-1

Cited by 38 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…After exposure to certain stressor agents, however, requirements may be increased to the extent that deficiencies occur, manifested by tissue pathosis or injury and preventable, at least in part, by administration of increased amounts of the deficient factor or factors. It is possible that the protective effects of the stock ration and alfalfa meal under conditions of the present monkey, with massive doses of sodium or experiment were due to their content of such calcium cyclamate (13,14). Hwang (15) has a factor(s).…”

Section: Procedures and Results Two Basal Rationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparative Effects of a Purified Diet and Stock Ration on Sodium Cyclamate Toxicity in Rats

Ershoff¹

1972

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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It is well established that the toxic manifestations of administering various drugs, chemicals, hormones, carcinogens, food additives and other substances are dependent to a considerable degree on the composition of the diet fed (1-8). Toxic manifestations were frequently found to be particularly marked in animals fed highly purified diets and were minimal or on occasion even absent in those fed a natural food-stock ration. In this report data are presented on the comparative effects of a purified diet and a natural food stock ration on the chronic totxicity in rats of the nonnutritive sweetener, sodium cyclamate (sodium cyclohexyl sulfamate). Procedure and Results. Two basal rationswere employed in the present experiment: one, a highly purified diet complete in all known nutrients; the other, a natural foodstock ration. The purified diet consisted of sucrose, 6676 ; casein: 24% ; salt mixture,2 5%; cottonseed oil, 5%; and the following vitamins per kg of diet: thiamine hydrochloride, 5 mg; riboflavin, 5 mg; pyridoxine hydrochloride, 5 mg; calcium pantothenate, 50 mg; nicotinic acid, 100 mg; ascorbic acid, 200 mg ; para-aminobenzoic acid, 200 mg ; inositol, 400 mg; biotin, 1 mg; folic acid, 5 mg; vitamin B12, 150 pg; 2-methyl, 1-4 naphthoquinone, 5 mg; choline chloride, 2 g ; vitamin A, 5,0010 U.S.P. units; vitamin DB, 500 U.S.P. units; and alpha-tocopheryl acetate, 100 mg. The vitamins were added in place of an equal amount of sucrose. In the initial experiment, 4'8 male and 48 female rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain ranging from 48 to 60 g in boldy weight were divided into 8 Vitamin-Free Test Casein, General Biochemicals, 2 Wesson Modification of Osborne-Mendel Salt Chagrin Falls, Ohio. Mixture, General Biochemicals, Chagrin Falls, Ohio.comparable groups consisting of 6 animals of each sex per group. Group I was fed the basal purified diet; Groups 11, I11 and IV were fed the purified diet plus sodium cyclamate3 which was added at levels of 2.576, S%, and lo%, respectively in the diet; Group V was fed the basal natural food stock ration;4 and Groups VI, VII and VIII the stock ration plus sodium cyclamate at levels of 2.5 % , 5%, and lo%, respectively in the diet. Sodium cyclamate was incorporated in the various diets in place of an equal amount of the respective basal rations. Animals were placed in metal cages with raised screen bottoms (3 rats per cage) and were provided the test diets and water ad libitum. Animals were fed daily and all food not consumed 24 hr after feeding was discarded. Body weight was recorded after 3 and 7 days of feeding and once weekly thereafter. Feeding was continued for 21 days or until death, whichever occurred sooner. The average weight increment for rats in the various groups is summarized in Table I (Exp. 1). A significant difference in response to sodium cyclamate feeding occurred between rats fed the purified and stock diets.5 Sodium cyclamate when incorpo-~~~~~ 3The sodium cyclamate employed in the present experiment was kindly provided by Dr. Rolnidd G.Wiegand of Abbott Labo...

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Section: Procedures and Results Two Basal Rationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparative Effects of a Purified Diet and Stock Ration on Sodium Cyclamate Toxicity in Rats

Ershoff¹

1972

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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“…Although many others authors have detected hepatic alterations induced by sodium cyclamate, (Boop et al), some others studies did not verify evidence of hepatic toxicity, even in biopsies from the livers of rats, mice, dogs and monkeys (Richards et al, 1951;Taylor et al, 1968;Branton et al, 1973;Coulston et al, 1975), which could be related to edulcorant use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Sodium Cyclamate on the Rat Fetal Liver: A Karyometric and Stereological Study

et al. 2005

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SUMMARY:The cyclamate, a sweetner substance derived from N-cyclo-hexyl-sulfamic acid, is largely utilized as a non-caloric artificial edulcorant in foods and beverages as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate fetal hepatic karyometric and stereological alterations in the rat fetal liver resulting from the intraperitoneal administration of sodium cyclamate. The livers of ten rats were evaluated, five treated and five controls chosen at random, in which five rats that received from the 10th to 14th days of pregnancy an intraperitoneal daily injection of sodium cyclamate at 60 mg/Kg of body weight during 5 days. At the 20th day of gestation, the animals were removed and weighed, as were their placentas, on a precision balance; the length of the umbilical cords also were measured. After the laboratory processing, semi-seriated 6mm cuts stained with haematoxyline and eosine were performed. In seven karyometric parameters (major, minor, and medium diameters, volume, area, perimeter, and volume-area ratio), the increase was statistically significant in the treated group when compared with control group. Stereological parameters showed in the treated group a significant increase in the cytoplasmatic and cellular volume, and a significant reduction in the nucleus-cytoplasm ratio as well as in the numerical cellular density. These results showed that the sodium cyclamate in pregnant rats led to retardation of fetal development and hepatic-cellular hypertrophy in the offspring, suggesting toxicity in liver of rat fetuses.

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“…Roe et al (1970) report absence of observed toxic effects among mice which were fed with sodium cyclamate in 5% concentration during 18 months. Taylor et al (1968) studied the toxicity of sodium cyclamate and saccharin for mice, rats and dogs. Administration of 2% of cyclamate or mixture of cyclamate and saccharin (or intragastrically 1 g/kg•day) caused no effects on the rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of synthetic food additives and surfactants on the body weight of larvae of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Мартынов

Brygadyrenko

2017

Biosys. divers.

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The broad spectrum of negative effects of food additives and surfactants on living organisms and the environment in general indicate a necessity of a detailed study on this issue. The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of food additives and surfactants in a concentration of 350 mg/kg of fodder on the body weight of third age Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) larvae. A significant change in the body weight of T. molitor larvae was observed when they consumed a diet containing 350 mg/kg of sodium glutamate, sodium cyclamate and sodium benzoate. We observed a tendency towards increase in body weight after addition of the food colouring Allura Red, saccharin, benzoic acid, betaine, emulsifying wax, AOS and SLES, and also we observed a decrease in body weight after addition of Tartrazine and Indigo Carmine in the same concentration. Out of the 18 tested food additives, 3 significantly stimulated an increase in the body weight of third age T. molitor larvae, and 3 manifested the same effect at the level of tendency (stimulated an increase in mass on average by 43-58% over the 14-day experiment), and 2 caused decrease in the body weight of larvae. Also, the 4 studied surfactants manifested a tendency towards increase in the body weight of T. molitor. This study on the impact of food additives and surfactants on organisms of insects is of great significance for protecting rare species of insects.

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Toxicological studies with sodium cyclamate and saccharin

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative Effects of a Purified Diet and Stock Ration on Sodium Cyclamate Toxicity in Rats

Comparative Effects of a Purified Diet and Stock Ration on Sodium Cyclamate Toxicity in Rats

Effect of Sodium Cyclamate on the Rat Fetal Liver: A Karyometric and Stereological Study

The influence of synthetic food additives and surfactants on the body weight of larvae of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

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