Toxicological Risk by Inhalation Exposure of Air Pollution Emitted from China’s Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration has developed rapidly in China. However, the air pollution-related health risks attributable to MSW incinerators are still far from known. In this context, an MSW incineration emission inventory was compiled using plant-level activity data and localized emission factors. Subsequently, Gaussian Plume Model and Risk Quotients Model were utilized to calculate the spatialized hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR). Altogether, 76449 tons (t) of NO X , 25725 t of SO 2 , 16937 t of CO, 9279 t of HCl, 5629 t of particulate matter, 33 t of Cr, 33 t of Pb, 20 t of Hg, 6 t of Cd, 4 t of Ni, 0.4 t of As, and 94 gtoxic equivalent quantity of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans were emitted in 2015. The national average HI was 1.88 × 10 −2 , which was far lower than the acceptable level (HI ≤ 1). However, the national average CR was 5.71 × 10 −6 , which was approximately five times higher than the acceptable level (CR ≤ 1 × 10 −6 ). The spatial heterogeneity of health risks was observed. The results enrich spatial dimensions of prior estimates and provide policy implications from the aspects of accelerating technology upgrades, strengthening emission standards, optimizing site selection and enhancing risk communication.

First High-Resolution Emission Inventory of Levoglucosan for Biomass Burning and Non-Biomass Burning Sources in China

“…LG emissions from waste incineration and temple incense burning were estimated based on daily utilization by the equation where i indicates waste incineration or temple incense burning; E i is the LG emission amount of waste incineration or temple incense burning; D j indicates the daily waste incineration amount by incinerators j or the daily use of incense in temples j ; and EF i is the LG emission factor of waste incineration or temple incense burning. It should be noted that the EF of waste incineration has considered the impact of equipped air pollution control device applications on emission reductions (the denitration, dedust, and desulfurization devices).…”

Insights into Persistent Toxic Substances in Protective Cases of Mobile Phones: Occurrence, Health Risks, and Implications

“…The spatial distribution of health risks was calculated using eqs and to indicate the noncarcinogenic risk and CR caused by PCMPs consumption in China’s domestic and exported cities in the United States, European countries, and Japan prefecture in 2018 . China included prefecture-level cities in 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, and 4 municipalities other than Taiwan, Macao, and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. …”

Scale-up experiments of SO2 removal and the promoting behavior of NO in moving beds at medium temperatures

“…is widely used for human activities and in industries, [1][2][3] which cause the generation of gas pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matters, heavy metals, and organic matter. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Limestone-based wet ue gas desulfurization (Ca-WFGD) and ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (NH 3 -SCR) denitrication are simultaneously used in the pollutant control system in power plants. [10][11][12] However, huge investment and operating costs, complicated system and secondary pollution have attracted considerable attention.…”