Toxicological profile of small airway epithelial cells exposed to gold nanoparticles

Ng, Cheng-Teng; Li, Jasmine Jia'En; Gurung, Resham L; Hande, M. Prakash; Ong, Chin Shen; Bay, Boon‐Huat; Yung, Lin‐Yue Lanry

doi:10.1177/1535370213505964

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As a result of genetic mutations, AgNPs may therefore cause DNA mutations and result in cancer. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have also been reported to induce genotoxicity as evidenced by comet assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization, concomitant with lipid peroxidation in lung fibroblasts and small airway epithelial cells . These studies suggested that AuNP‐induced genotoxicity was closely linked to the generation of oxidative stress as well.…”

Section: Metallic and Metallic Oxide Nanoparticle‐induced Oxidative Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress by inorganic nanoparticles

Tee

Ong

Bay

et al. 2015

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly used for various bio-applications owing to their unique physiochemical properties in terms of conductivity, optical sensitivity, and reactivity. With the extensive usage of NPs, increased human exposure may cause oxidative stress and lead to undesirable health consequences. To date, various endogenous and exogenous sources of oxidants contributing to oxidative stress have been widely reported. Oxidative stress is generally defined as an imbalance between the production of oxidants and the activity of antioxidants, but it is often misrepresented as a single type of cellular stress. At the biological level, NPs can initiate oxidative stress directly or indirectly through various mechanisms, leading to profound effects ranging from the molecular to the disease level. Such effects of oxidative stress have been implicated owing to their small size and high biopersistence. On the other hand, cellular antioxidants help to counteract oxidative stress and protect the cells from further damage. While oxidative stress is commonly known to exert negative biological effects, measured and intentional use of NPs to induce oxidative stress may provide desirable effects to either stimulate cell growth or promote cell death. Hence, NP-induced oxidative stress can be viewed from a wide paradigm. Because oxidative stress is comprised of a wide array of factors, it is also important to use appropriate assays and methods to detect different pro-oxidant and antioxidant species at molecular and disease levels. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:414-438. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1374 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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Section: Metallic and Metallic Oxide Nanoparticle‐induced Oxidative Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress by inorganic nanoparticles

Tee

Ong

Bay

et al. 2015

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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“…25 However, other studies indicated that Au NPs could lead to oxidative damage to lung fibroblasts as well as cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to small airway epithelial cells. 26,27 The reasons for these conflicting results may be attributed to the different surface charges of Au NCs and different cells lines employed in the experiments, which increase uncertainties in relation to toxicities. Furthermore, in vitro experiments are very helpful for high-throughput screening of a large number of nanomaterials, but the in vivo biological system is far more complicated and the Au NCs may interact with various proteins and cell types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of surface charges of gold nanoclusters on long-term in vivo biodistribution, toxicity, and cancer radiation therapy

Wang

Chen

Yang

et al. 2016

IJN

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Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) have exhibited great advantages in medical diagnostics and therapies due to their efficient renal clearance and high tumor uptake. The in vivo effects of the surface chemistry of Au NCs are important for the development of both nanobiological interfaces and potential clinical contrast reagents, but these properties are yet to be fully investigated. In this study, we prepared glutathione-protected Au NCs of a similar hydrodynamic size but with three different surface charges: positive, negative, and neutral. Their in vivo biodistribution, excretion, and toxicity were investigated over a 90-day period, and tumor uptake and potential application to radiation therapy were also evaluated. The results showed that the surface charge greatly influenced pharmacokinetics, particularly renal excretion and accumulation in kidney, liver, spleen, and testis. Negatively charged Au NCs displayed lower excretion and increased tumor uptake, indicating a potential for NC-based therapeutics, whereas positively charged clusters caused transient side effects on the peripheral blood system.

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“…In contrast, Ag NPs were reported to have anti-microbial properties [ 5 ]. Furthermore, Ag NPs have been described in many studies to be cytotoxic for human cells [ 6 - 9 ], whereas Au NPs were mainly found to be inert and only few studies report cytotoxicity of Au NPs [ 10 - 12 ]. The surface coating used to achieve the positive charge is also of special interest, as chitosan-coated NPs are increasingly used in the field of nanobiotechnology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oxidative potential of differently charged silver and gold nanoparticles on three human lung epithelial cell types

et al. 2015

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BackgroundNanoparticle (NPs) functionalization has been shown to affect their cellular toxicity. To study this, differently functionalized silver (Ag) and gold (Au) NPs were synthesised, characterised and tested using lung epithelial cell systems.MethodsMonodispersed Ag and Au NPs with a size range of 7 to 10 nm were coated with either sodium citrate or chitosan resulting in surface charges from −50 mV to +70 mV. NP-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were determined using A549 cells, BEAS-2B cells and primary lung epithelial cells (NHBE cells). TEER measurements and immunofluorescence staining of tight junctions were performed to test the growth characteristics of the cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by means of the CellTiter-Blue ® and the lactate dehydrogenase assay and cellular and cell-free reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using the DCFH-DA assay.ResultsDifferent growth characteristics were shown in the three cell types used. A549 cells grew into a confluent mono-layer, BEAS-2B cells grew into a multilayer and NHBE cells did not form a confluent layer. A549 cells were least susceptible towards NPs, irrespective of the NP functionalization. Cytotoxicity in BEAS-2B cells increased when exposed to high positive charged (+65-75 mV) Au NPs. The greatest cytotoxicity was observed in NHBE cells, where both Ag and Au NPs with a charge above +40 mV induced cytotoxicity. ROS production was most prominent in A549 cells where Au NPs (+65-75 mV) induced the highest amount of ROS. In addition, cell-free ROS measurements showed a significant increase in ROS production with an increase in chitosan coating.ConclusionsChitosan functionalization of NPs, with resultant high surface charges plays an important role in NP-toxicity. Au NPs, which have been shown to be inert and often non-cytotoxic, can become toxic upon coating with certain charged molecules. Notably, these effects are dependent on the core material of the particle, the cell type used for testing and the growth characteristics of these cell culture model systems.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-014-0062-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Toxicological profile of small airway epithelial cells exposed to gold nanoparticles

Cited by 33 publications

References 51 publications

Oxidative stress by inorganic nanoparticles

Oxidative stress by inorganic nanoparticles

Effects of surface charges of gold nanoclusters on long-term in vivo biodistribution, toxicity, and cancer radiation therapy

The oxidative potential of differently charged silver and gold nanoparticles on three human lung epithelial cell types

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