Toxicological perturbations of zinc oxide nanoparticles in theCoelatura aegyptiacamussel

Abstract

More research is needed to understand the interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with aquatic organisms and their mechanism of toxic action. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are the most used engineered metal oxide NPs in consumer products. The present study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and digestive gland (DG) as well as gill histopathology of the freshwater molluscan bivalve Coelatura aegyptiaca following exposure to ZnONPs (2, 10 and 50 mg/L) for 6 consecutive days. Exposure to ZnONPs (10 and 50 mg/L) induced a significant increase in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide with a concomitant decrease in reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase levels in the haemolymph, DG and gills of the treated mussels. Following exposure to ZnONPs (50 mg/L), the DG exhibited gradual changes in glandular activity showing hypertrophy and hyperplasia in the glandular cells and irregularity of lamellae and swelling of filaments in the gills. The present investigation revealed that oxidative stress induction, genotoxicity in the haemocytes and histological alterations in the DG and gills of C. aegyptiaca could be the main mechanisms involved in ZnONPs toxicity in aquatic organisms. Thereby, it is suggested that ZnONPs should be applied with more precautions in relevant industries, and occupational health surveillance should be necessarily considered.

Oxidative Stress in the Muscles of the Fish Nile Tilapia Caused by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Modulation by Vitamins C and E

“…The concept of involvement of ZnONPs in the oxidative stress development has been recently approved in other organisms that have been exposed to NPs rather than O . niloticus [ 7 , 29 – 36 ]. All these recent observations strengthen our concept of the involvement of ZnONPs in elevation of oxidative stress in fishes.…”

“…Several studies have examined the effect of ZnONPs on aquatic environment. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on the freshwater molluscan bivalve Coelatura aegyptiaca have been approved [ 7 ]. Moreover, the embryotoxicity of ZnONPs to marine medaka, Oryzias melastigma , was explored [ 8 ].…”

Use of DNA adduct and histopathological defects as indications for bio-persistence potency of zinc oxide nanoparticles in gastropod, Monacha cartusiana (Mǜller) after short-term exposure

“…The pathological reactions to ZnONPs were cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia; the organs demonstrated gradual alterations in glandular activity. In addition, the lamellae of the gills were uneven, and the filaments were swollen [ 70 ].…”

Nanopartículas: Efectos en La Salud Humana Y El Medio Ambiente

“…Se ha demostrado, mediante estudios ecotoxicológicos, que las NPs tienen efectos negativos sobre los organismos acuáticos unicelulares, pudiendo afectar incluso a los animales acuáticos como crustáceos y peces. Por ejemplo, se ha identificado la citotoxicidad y genotoxicidad en el molusco bivalvo de agua dulce Coelatura aegyptiaca [36].…”