Toxicological Assessment of Flavors Used in E-vapor Products

Marescotti, Diego; Mathis, Carole; May, Anne; Sciuscio, Davide; Peitsch, Manuel C.; Hoeng, Julia

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820490-0.00019-5

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Instead of testing individual flavor ingredients, we assign each flavor ingredient to a structurally related group (“read-across”), rank and select the “Flavor Group Representatives (FGRs)” based on defined criteria and create mixtures of FGRs (to represent the “flavor toolbox”) for subsequent confirmatory in vitro or in vivo toxicity testing. This concept was presented at scientific meetings ( Sciuscio et al (2021) ; Marescotti et al, 2021 ; Supplementary Resource S1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Assessment of Flavor Ingredients in E-Vapor Products

et al. 2022

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Many flavor ingredients are often used in potentially reduced-risk tobacco products (such as e-vapor products). Although most are “generally recognized as safe (GRAS)” when used in food, there is limited information available on their long-term health effects when delivered by inhalation. While obtaining route-of-exposure-specific toxicological data on flavor ingredients is critical to product evaluation, the large number of individual flavor ingredients available and their potential combinations render classical toxicological assessment approaches impractical, as they may require years of preclinical investigations and thousands of laboratory animals. Therefore, we propose a pragmatic approach in which flavor ingredients are initially assigned to groups of structurally related compounds (Flavor Groups), from which flavor group representatives (FGR) are then selected and tested individually and as a mixture in vitro and in vivo. The premise is that structurally related compounds would have comparable metabolic and biological activity and that the data generated using FGRs could support the toxicological assessment of other structurally related flavor ingredients of their respective Flavor Groups. This approach is explained in a step-wise manner and exemplified by a case study, along with its strengths, limitations as well as recommendations for further confirmatory testing. Once completed, this FGR approach could significantly reduce the time and resources required for filling the data gap in understanding the health risks of many flavor ingredients while also minimizing the need for laboratory animals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Assessment of Flavor Ingredients in E-Vapor Products

et al. 2022

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Chemical and physiological interactions between e-liquid constituents: cause for concern?

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et al. 2024

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Studies of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) toxicity have largely focused on individual components such as flavour additives, base e-liquid ingredients (propylene glycol, glycerol), device characteristics (eg, model, components, wattage), use behaviour, etc. However, vaping involves inhalation of chemical mixtures and interactions between compounds can occur that can lead to different toxicities than toxicity of the individual components. Methods based on the additive toxicity of individual chemical components to estimate the health risks of complex mixtures can result in the overestimation or underestimation of exposure risks, since interactions between components are under-investigated. In the case of ENDS, the potential of elevated toxicity resulting from chemical reactions and interactions is enhanced due to high operating temperatures and the metallic surface of the heating element. With the recent availability of a wide range of e-liquid constituents and popularity of do-it-yourself creation of e-liquid mixtures, the need to understand chemical and physiological impacts of chemical combinations in ENDS e-liquids and aerosols is immediate. There is a significant current knowledge gap concerning how specific combinations of ENDS chemical ingredients result in synergistic or antagonistic interactions. This commentary aims to review the current understanding of chemical reactions between e-liquid components, interactions between additives, chemical reactions that occur during vaping and aerosol properties and biomolecular interactions, all of which may impact physiological health.

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Toxicological Assessment of Flavors Used in E-vapor Products

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Toxicological Assessment of Flavor Ingredients in E-Vapor Products

Toxicological Assessment of Flavor Ingredients in E-Vapor Products

Chemical and physiological interactions between e-liquid constituents: cause for concern?

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