Toxicological assessment of combined lead and cadmium: Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study in rats

Gao, Yuan; Dai, Shujun; Yin, Zhongqiong; Lu, Hongke; Jia, Renyong; Xu, Jiao; Song, Xu; Li, Li; Yang, Shu; Zhao, Xinghong

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.041

Cited by 144 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…43 Decrease in WBC, MCHC, MCV and MCH might suggest the decrease in immunity in fighting against foreign substances, showing the further ability of Cd intoxication to suppress the activity of haematopoietic tissues, impair erythropoiesis and accelerate erythroclasia because of the altered RBCs membrane permeability, increased RBCs mechanical fragility and/or defective Fe metabolism. 45 In our findings, the pretreatment of GSP in Cd-treated rats showed a significant renewal of these haematological parameters by bringing them back to near normal levels due to the presence of the 3-and 5-hydroxyl groups with 4-oxo group functions as electron donors to form bonds with electrophilic ions, thereby help in the recoupment of the antioxidant defense system and protecting heme from Cd-induced oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Collectively, Cd intoxication might lead to anaemia as a consequence of suppressing the activity of haematopoietic tissues, impaired erythropoiesis, accelerated erythroclasia because of the altered RBCs membrane permeability, increased RBCs mechanical fragility and/or defective Fe metabolism. 45 GSP pretreated rats significantly reduced the RBC osmofragility due to the presence of tannins in grape seeds. Tannins bind to the membrane surface of cells and induce cluster and raft formation 60 that may prevent the erythrocytes swelling, release of haemoglobin and decreases membrane fluidity in both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts of erythrocyte membranes, this shows that GSP reduced the haemolysis to some extent, as compared to Cd-treated rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Oxidative stress induced by cadmium in the plasma, erythrocytes and lymphocytes of rats

Nazima¹,

Manoharan²,

Miltonprabu

2015

Hum Exp Toxicol

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The present study has been designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) on cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage in rat erythrocytes. Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, GSP-treated group (100 mg kg−1 body weight (BW)), Cd-treated group (cadmium chloride, 5 mg kg−1 BW), and GSP + Cd-treated group in which GSP was orally pre-administered 90 min before Cd intoxication for 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture and were processed for various biochemical estimations. The extent of oxidative damage in isolated rat erythrocyte membrane was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic content, calcium ion (Ca2+)/magnesium ion (Mg2+)-ATPase and sodium ion (Na+)/potassium ion (K+)-ATPase activities, free iron, calcium, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, and osmotic fragility. Our results unveiled that Cd intoxication significantly increased the erythrocyte lipid peroxidation markers and decreased the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers in erythrocytes. Conversely, GSP pretreatment significantly prevented the decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and membrane-bound ATPases. GSP also restored the levels of iron, calcium, and H2O2 in Cd-treated rats. Conformational changes in erythrocytes of various groups were also determined using morphological and ultrastructural electron microscopic analysis. The findings of our study clearly revealed that GSP affords superior protection against Cd-induced reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and free radical generation in Cd-treated rats, which presumably reflects the ability of this flavonoid to protect erythrocytes and lymphocytes of rats from the toxic effects of Cd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Oxidative stress induced by cadmium in the plasma, erythrocytes and lymphocytes of rats

Nazima¹,

Manoharan²,

Miltonprabu

2015

Hum Exp Toxicol

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“…Inner organs including liver, kidneys, heart and lungs were also weighed immediately after dissection to avoid dryness. 10 The weight of the organs from treatment groups were not significant differences comparing with the control group (p value ≥ 0.05) as shown in Table 3. According to the dose of the extract, the acute toxicity test was performed up to 2000 mg extract/kg body weight which was relatively high.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…food ingredient, toxicity should be evaluated either in rats or other organisms. 10 In a previous study, methanol extract of torch ginger was assessed in brine shrimps (Artemia salina) and showed no toxicity. In recent study, the aims of this research were to determined phenolic compounds, flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and acute toxicity of torch ginger inflorescent extract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activities, Acute Toxicity and Chemical Profiling of Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) Inflorescent Extract

Sungthong¹,

Srichaikul²

2018

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“…Most of the studies on neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are conducted on models organism. Yuan et al (2014) experimented on rats. Their aim was to study the oral acute exposure of rats to different concentrations Pb (NO 3 ) 2 -CdCl 2 for 14 days and sub-chronic oral toxicity for ninety days.…”

Section: Damage Of Liver Kidneys and Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A short overview about cadmium and its toxicity focused on humans, bioindicators and model organisms

Strungaru¹,

Plavan²,

Nicoară³

2016

SFS

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According to Paracelsus (1493Paracelsus ( -1541 everything from this planet is poison, only the dose makes the poison to be harmless. Even the essential elements for life support are toxic for all organisms in high amounts. Mercury, cadmium, metalloid arsenic and lead were responsible for poisoning and death of many humans and life forms from this planet for centuries. Cadmium forms different compounds that are used in industry for electroplating, pigments, plastic stabilizers, Ni-Cd rechargeable batteries, semiconductors, solar cells. According to literature, human's intake the highest amount of cadmium from cigarettes smoking and food. The level of cadmium in bird's bodies is important to analyze the environmental health. Birds are very sensitive to environmental changes and pollutants. This short overview investigated the pollution sources and pathways of cadmium within environment, its toxicity, symptoms and diseases focused on humans and other organisms. Some possible cure for humans' acute and chronic exposure to cadmium was searched in different studies.

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Toxicological assessment of combined lead and cadmium: Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study in rats

Cited by 144 publications

References 33 publications

Oxidative stress induced by cadmium in the plasma, erythrocytes and lymphocytes of rats

Oxidative stress induced by cadmium in the plasma, erythrocytes and lymphocytes of rats

Antioxidant Activities, Acute Toxicity and Chemical Profiling of Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) Inflorescent Extract

A short overview about cadmium and its toxicity focused on humans, bioindicators and model organisms

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