Toxicological assessment and food allergy of silk fibroin derived from Bombyx mori cocoons

Yiğit, Sezin; Hallaj, Nadia S.; Sugarman, James L.; Chong, Lester C.; Roman, Samantha E.; Abu-Taleb, Laith M.; Goodman, Richard E.; Johnson, Philip E.; Behrens, Adam M.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112117

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…SF, extracted from Bombyx mori cocoons, is an edible structural protein widely used for various applications owing to excellent mechanical properties, nontoxicity, hydrophobicity, and programmable biodegradability (Figure A). − The polymorphism and controlled transition from random coil to beta-sheet provide high flexibility, conformability, and tunable permeability to water and oxygen in the regenerated film format, , which enables the potential use of SF as packaging material to extend food shelf life. The COF, an emerging crystalline porous material, has received increasing attention due to its tunable porosity and modifiable skeletons .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Biodegradable, Climate-Specific Packaging Materials That Sense Food Spoilage and Extend Shelf Life

et al. 2023

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The AgriFood systems in tropical climates are under strain due to a rapid increase in human population and extreme environmental conditions that limit the efficacy of packaging technologies to extend food shelf life and guarantee food safety. To address these challenges, we rationally designed biodegradable packaging materials that sense spoilage and prevent molding. We nanofabricated the interface of 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to reinforce silk fibroin (SF) and obtain biodegradable membranes with augmented mechanical properties and that displayed an immediate colorimetric response (within 1 s) to food spoilage, using packaged poultry as an example. Loading COF with antimicrobial hexanal also mitigated biotic spoilage in hightemperature and -humidity conditions, resulting in a four-order of magnitude decrease in the total amount of mold growth in soybeans packaged in silk-COF, when compared to cling film (i.e., polyethylene). Together, the integration of sensing, structural reinforcement, and antimicrobial agent delivery within a biodegradable nanocomposite framework defines climate-specific packaging materials that can decrease food waste and enhance food safety.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Biodegradable, Climate-Specific Packaging Materials That Sense Food Spoilage and Extend Shelf Life

et al. 2023

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“…A recent detailed toxicological assessment of silk fibroin was conducted in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats [ 43 ]. The studies demonstrated a very high degree of safety, with the data raising no questions regarding toxicological, mutagenic, genotoxic or allergenic concerns.…”

Section: Safety Of Silk Fehmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was followed by a 28-day study in rats of both sexes to assess systemic toxicity on silk fibroin at daily doses of 0, 125, 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight [ 43 ]. No significant effects were observed with respect to body weight gain, food consumption, urinalysis, serum chemistries, hematology, visual effects or behavior.…”

Section: Safety Of Silk Fehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Silk Fibroin Enzyme Hydrolysates on Memory and Learning: A Review

Stohs

Bucci²

2022

Molecules

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Silk protein products have been used for a wide range of applications. This review focuses on the studies conducted relative to cognitive functions with silk fibroin enzyme hydrolysates (FEH) in humans and animals. All known studies reported in PubMed and Google Scholar have been included. Studies have been conducted on children, high school and college students, adults and seniors, ranging in ages from 7–92 years. Doses of 200–600 mg silk FEH per day for three weeks to 16 weeks have been used. Based on these studies, it can be concluded that silk FEH exhibit beneficial cognitive effects with respect to memory and learning, attention, mental focus, accuracy, memory recall, and overall memory and concentration. These conclusions are supported by studies in rats and mice. Mechanistic studies that have been conducted in animals and cell culture systems are also reviewed. These studies indicate that silk FEH exerts its positive effects on memory and learning by providing neuroprotection via a complex mechanism involving its potent antioxidant and inflammation-inhibiting activities. Acetylcholine (ACh) is secreted by cholinergic neurons, and plays a role in encoding new information. Silk FEH were shown to decrease the levels of the pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory mediators interlukin-1 (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protecting the cholinergic system from oxidative stress, thus enhancing ACh levels in the brain, which is known to promote cognitive functions. In addition, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF), which is involved in the survival of neurons, is enhanced, and an increase in the expression of the phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) occurs, which is known to play a positive role in cognitive functions. No adverse effects have been reported in association with the use of silk FEH.

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“…After 28 days, blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical tests. The weights of liver, kidney, spleen and testis were weighed, and the ratio of organ to body was calculated [22].…”

Section: Subchronic Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation and Whole Genome Sequencing of Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 Reveal Its Potential to Degrade Citrus Segments in Juice Processing

Qian

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Foods

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Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 (A. japonicas PJ01) is a strain isolated from the rotten branches. In previ-ous studies, it was shown that it can produce complex enzymes to degrade polysaccharide com-ponents. In this study, we evaluated the safety of its crude enzyme solution. Acute oral toxicity, subchronic toxicity, micronucleus and sperm malformation tests all validated the high biologi-cal safety for the crude enzymes. Secondly, we carried out the citrus segment degradation ex-periment of crude enzyme solution. Compared with the control group, the crude enzyme solu-tion of A. japonicas PJ01 can completely degrade the segments in 50 min, which provides the basis for enzymatic peeling during juice processing. The whole genome sequencing showed that the genome of A. japonicus PJ01 has a GC content of 51.37% with a size of 36204647 bp, and encoded 10070 genes. GO, COG, KEGG and CAZy databases were used in gene annotation analyses. Pathway enrichment showed many genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, rich in genes re-lated to pectinase, xylanase and carboxylcellulase. Therefore, the complex enzyme produced by A. japonicus PJ01 can be used in gizzard juice processing to achieve efficient enzymatic decapsu-lation.

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Toxicological assessment and food allergy of silk fibroin derived from Bombyx mori cocoons

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Design of Biodegradable, Climate-Specific Packaging Materials That Sense Food Spoilage and Extend Shelf Life

Design of Biodegradable, Climate-Specific Packaging Materials That Sense Food Spoilage and Extend Shelf Life

Effects of Silk Fibroin Enzyme Hydrolysates on Memory and Learning: A Review

Safety Evaluation and Whole Genome Sequencing of Aspergillus japonicas PJ01 Reveal Its Potential to Degrade Citrus Segments in Juice Processing

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