“…Although there is extensive information on the bioaccumulation of contaminants in a wide range of Antarctic organisms (e.g. Honda et al 1987, Ernst & Klages 1991, Berkman & Nigro 1992, Petri & Zauke 1993, Viarengo et al 1993, Locarnini & Presley 1995, Bargagli et al 1996, de Moreno et al 1997, very few studies of the acute and chronic effects of exposure and the response of marine biota to contaminants in polar regions have been reported (Percy 1977, Percy & Mullin 1977, Riebel & Percy 1990, Chapman & McPherson 1993, Cleveland et al 1997, Ling et al 1998, Duquesne et al 2000.…”