Toxicokinetics and metabolisms of benzophenone-type UV filters in rats

Jeon, Hee-Kyung; Sarma, Sailendra Nath; Kim, Youn-Jung; Ryu, Jae‐Chun

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.02.009

Cited by 115 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…BP14 exhibited positive results at 120.4 μg/mL in the absence of a metabolic activation system. BP9 revealed a significant increase in mutation frequencies in the range of 138.1-207.2 μg/mL and 118.3-354.8 μg/mL in the absence and presence, respectively of a metabolic activation system (Jeon et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Effects Of the Hydroxy Number On The Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some benzodiazepine pharmaceuticals and the corresponding human metabolites could form benzophenone derivatives during the aqueous photo-transformation process (West and Rowland, 2012). Jeon et al (2008) found that, in rats, BPs could be converted to benzohydrol and 4-hydroxy-BP, and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-BP could be converted to 2,4-dihydroxy-BP, 2,3,4-trihydroxy-BP, and 2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-BP. Detection of BP-type UV filters have been found within multiple environmental media and organisms (Balmer et al, 2005;Jeon et al, 2006;Loraine and Pettigrove, 2006;Negreira et al, 2011;Poiger et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substituent contribution to the genotoxicity of benzophenone-type UV filters

Zhao

Wei

et al. 2013

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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a b s t r a c tBenzophenones (BPs) are widely used in UV filters, fragrance enhancers, and plastic additives. In this study, the genotoxicity of 14 BPs was tested using the SOS/umu assay, and the related substituent contribution was disclosed. The results of this study revealed that the major contributor to the genotoxicity of the BPs was the ortho,para-di-substitution, and the increasing hydroxy substitution on the benzene ring. In addition, the higher the dispersion of the substituent species on the two benzene rings, the lower the genotoxicity exhibited by the compound. Furthermore, 2 dimensional and 3 dimenional quantitative structure-activity relationships (2D-and 3D-QSAR) studies indicated that hydrogen-bond interactions and electrostatic effects were determinants for the genotoxicity of the BPs. The current results provide useful information for the assessment of the potential ecological risk and health effects of BP-type UV filters.

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Section: The Effects Of the Hydroxy Number On The Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substituent contribution to the genotoxicity of benzophenone-type UV filters

Zhao

Wei

et al. 2013

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Studies in vivo in rats show that, as in the in vitro reports, benzophenone mainly gives benzhydrol and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (Nakagawa and Tayama, 2002;Jeon et al, 2008) probably with the sulphate and glucuronide conjugates which may undergo enterohepatic circulation. Benzhydrol glucuronide is likely to be a major urinary metabolite and a substrate of the organic anion transporters in the kidney (NTP, 2006;Buist and Klaassen, 2004).…”

Section: Metabolism Of Benzophenonementioning

confidence: 51%

“…Benzhydrol glucuronide is likely to be a major urinary metabolite and a substrate of the organic anion transporters in the kidney (NTP, 2006;Buist and Klaassen, 2004). Nakagawa et al, 2000 andJeon et al, 2008) …”

Section: Metabolism Of Benzophenonementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological evaluation of benzophenone

2009

EFS2

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“…Target analysis was also carried out in order to detect small amounts of selected derivatives, namely BP1, 4HB, 4,4 0 -dihydroxybenzophenone (4DHB), 2-2 0 dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (DHMB) and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone (THB), which have been previously identified as metabolites in rats and humans [57][58][59]. These compounds were analyzed in the samples by HPLC-MS/MS using a hybrid quadrupole-linear ion trap-mass spectrometer (QqLIT-MS/MS) under the same chromatographic conditions.…”

Section: Identification and Structural Elucidation Of Bp3 And Bp1 Degmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV Filters Biodegradation by Fungi, Metabolites Identification and Biological Activity Assessment

Badia-Fabregat

Caminal

Vicent

et al. 2012

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Organic UV filters used in cosmetics and sunlight protection of materials are considered emerging contaminants. These xenobiotic compounds occur in the environment in relevant concentrations and display critical properties such as environmental persistence and bioaccumulation. They enter the environment mainly through the liquid effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), but, due to their high hydrophobicity, they are also adsorbed in WWTP sludge, that is, eventually spread on agricultural fields as fertilizer. The treatment of WWTP sludge with the white-rot fungi Trametes versicolor has emerged as a feasible alternative to current conventional treatment processes to degrade them in a range from 87% in the case of 3-(4 0 -methylbenzylidene) camphor (4-MBC) to 100% of benzophenone-3 (BP3) and its metabolite 4,4 0 -dihydroxybenzophenone (4DHB). When treating the sewage sludge to remove sunscreens content, it is crucial to establish the biological activity profile along the process. metabolites possessed significant oestrogenic activity at the produced concentrations. These results demonstrate the suitability of fungi to degrade sunscreen agents and eliminate their oestrogenic activity.

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Toxicokinetics and metabolisms of benzophenone-type UV filters in rats

Cited by 115 publications

References 13 publications

Substituent contribution to the genotoxicity of benzophenone-type UV filters

Substituent contribution to the genotoxicity of benzophenone-type UV filters

Toxicological evaluation of benzophenone

UV Filters Biodegradation by Fungi, Metabolites Identification and Biological Activity Assessment

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