Toxicity Thresholds Based on EDTA Extractable Nickel and Barley Root Elongation in Chinese Soils

Abstract

The uncertainty in the risk assessment of trace metal elements in soils when total metal contents are used can be decreased by assessing their availability and/or extractability when the soils have a high background value or different sources of trace metal elements. In this study, the added water-soluble nickel (Ni) toxicity to barley root elongation was studied in 17 representative Chinese soil samples with and without artificial rainwater leaching. The extractability of added Ni in soils was estimated by three sequential extractions with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The results showed that the effective concentration of EDTA extractable Ni (EC50), which caused 50% inhibition of barley root elongation, ranged from 46 to 1019 mg/kg in unleached soils and 24 to 1563 mg/kg in leached soils. Regression models for EDTA extractable Ni and total Ni added to soils against soil properties indicated that EDTA extractable Ni was significantly correlated with the total Ni added to soils and that pH was the most important control factor. Regression models for toxicity thresholds based on EDTA extractable Ni against soil properties showed that soil citrate dithionate extractable Fe was more important than soil pH in predicting Ni toxicity. These results can be used to accurately assess the risk of contaminated soils with high background values and/or different Ni sources.

Effect of ultrasound exposure on the Triticum aestivum root elongation test

“…The use of phytobiological tests has major advantages, such as a more rapid outcome, a simplified operative procedure and lower costs (3). Similar phytobiological tests are successfully used to evaluate the environmental effects in contaminated soils and wastewater caused by specific substances (4)(5)(6).…”

Soil Pollution and Remediation

“…Zhu et al [ 14 ] studied Ni toxicity to barley and correlated it with a single EDTA extraction and three sequential extractions with EDTA. They found that multiple extractions improved the prediction of the toxicity models.…”