Toxicity Tests of Effluents With Marsh Plants in Water and Sediment

Walsh, Gerald E.; Weber, David E.; Simon, Tasha L.; Brashers, Linda K.

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[517:ttoewm]2.0.co;2

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In addition, it has been used to assess and monitor the toxicity of PCB, HCH, herbicides and PAHs in contaminated soil (Walsh et al 1991;Meier et al 1997;Maila and Cloete 2002;Bidlan et al 2004). We found that reductions in seed germination rates were not prominent (Figs.…”

Section: -Day Seed Germination/root Elongation Testsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Screening of PAHs and DDTs in sand and acrisols soil by a rapid solid-phase microalgal bioassay

Chung

Cheung

et al. 2007

Ecotoxicology

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Previously we have demonstrated the rapid screening potential of a newly developed solid-phase microalgal bioassay with spiked sands. In this paper, we report further comparative results using both PAHs and DDTs spiked sands and field-collected acrisols soils. Toxicity responses obtained from standard higher plant tests with three species of plants (Lolium perenne, Cynodon dactylon and Brassica chinensis) were compared with those obtained from a cocktail of microalgae (Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlorococcum hypnosporum and the indigenous Chlorococcum meneghini). The 5-day seed germination/root elongation tests were not sensitive at all in contrast to the 4-day solid-phase microalgal tests and the 28-day early seedling growth tests in both spiked sands and contaminated soils. Sensitivities of microalgal tests were generally higher than the seedling growth tests in spiked sands. Concerning the assays with contaminated soil, the responses of microalgae and higher plants varied. However, the results demonstrated that microalgae could generally act as effective surrogates to screen xenobiotic compounds at toxic level to higher plants, with the local species C. meneghini especially sensitive to reveal phytotoxic effects. This promising rapid screening solution is possible to be used in accompany with standard seedling growth tests when assessing phytotoxicities of contaminated areas, especially for acrisols soil.

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Section: -Day Seed Germination/root Elongation Testsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Screening of PAHs and DDTs in sand and acrisols soil by a rapid solid-phase microalgal bioassay

Chung

Cheung

et al. 2007

Ecotoxicology

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“…Walsh et al (1991) use marsh plants to develop tests for toxicity data from textile effl uents as a standard for regulating permissible discharges. Walsh et al (1991) use marsh plants to develop tests for toxicity data from textile effl uents as a standard for regulating permissible discharges.…”

Section: Waste Water Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impact of polyester and polyamide textiles

Slater

2008

Polyesters and Polyamides

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“…Formulated sediment was prepared using methods similar to those of previous investigators [6,[20][21][22]. White silica #1 (New England Silica, Windsor, CT, USA), with a median grain size of 300 m, was used for sand.…”

Section: Formulated Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment Organic Matter Content as a Confounding Factor in Toxicity Tests With Chironomus Tentans

Lacey¹,

Watzin²,

McIntosh³

1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-Physicochemical characteristics of sediment unrelated to contaminant levels and bioavailability may influence the outcome of toxicity tests. In particular, sediment organic matter content has the potential to be a confounding factor in toxicity tests using the midge larva Chironomus tentans because the larvae are infaunal and feed on organic matter in the sediments. To examine this possibility, we conducted a series of tests using formulated sediments with varying organic matter contents (0-20%) following the standard U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) 10-day C. tentans growth and survival protocol. Formulated sediments made with peat moss, ␣-cellulose, and maple leaves were tested. An organic-rich natural sediment diluted with formulated sediment to achieve a range of organic matter contents was also examined. In a final experiment, sediments containing each of the four organic matter sources at the same concentration were tested against one another. Survival was not greatly affected by concentration of organic matter, except at the lowest concentrations in natural sediment (6-7%), where survival dipped below 70%. In experiments using peat moss, ␣-cellulose, and maple leaves, significant differences in C. tentans growth (measured as ash-free dry weight) were found at different organic matter concentrations. In contrast, concentration of organic matter in the natural sediment dilution series had little effect on growth, perhaps because much of this material was highly refractory. In the comparison experiment, growth differed significantly among the four sediments, with best growth achieved with ␣-cellulose and leaves. These results suggest that both organic matter quantity and quality can be confounding factors in toxicity tests using C. tentans.

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Toxicity Tests of Effluents With Marsh Plants in Water and Sediment

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Screening of PAHs and DDTs in sand and acrisols soil by a rapid solid-phase microalgal bioassay

Screening of PAHs and DDTs in sand and acrisols soil by a rapid solid-phase microalgal bioassay

Environmental impact of polyester and polyamide textiles

Sediment Organic Matter Content as a Confounding Factor in Toxicity Tests With Chironomus Tentans

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