Toxicity Testing of Waterborne Mercury with Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) Embryos and Larvae

Huang, Wei; Cao, Liang; Shan, Xiujuan; Lin, Longshan; Dou, Shuozeng

doi:10.1007/s00128-011-0238-7

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Ismail and Yusof [13] observed that early life stages of Java medaka (O. for 96 h exhibited hooked tails, spinal malformations, and fin erosion. [60] Medaka (O. latipes) embryos exposed to 0.001-10 µM MeHg, HgCl 2 , α-HgS (Zhu Sha), and β-HgS (Zuotai) from 6 to 7 hpf to 10 dpf displayed abnormalities. [10] The reduction in the touchinduced escape response suggested that mercury had a detrimental impact on the hindbrain and spinal cord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Bhai,

Binesh,

Shanmugam

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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In this study, a zebrafish embryo toxicity model was employed, utilizing 24 h postfertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos. These embryos were treated with varying concentrations of mercuric chloride for 96 h under static conditions. We assessed multiple parameters that reflected developmental abnormalities, behavioral alterations, morphological anomalies, antioxidant enzyme activities, including those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST), immune messenger RNA transcription levels of key factors such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2), as well as protein expression of TNF‐α. The results revealed that embryos exposed to higher concentrations of mercury exhibited reduced hatchability and increased rates of morphological abnormalities and mortality at 48, 72, and 96 hpf. In addition, a concentration‐dependent increase in developmental abnormalities, including cardiac edema, reduced body length, yolk sac edema, scoliosis, and bent tails, was observed. Larval behaviors, such as touch‐induced escape responses, startle reactions, and turning actions, were found to be diminished in a concentration‐dependent manner. Additionally, the activities of various antioxidative enzymes, such as SOD, CAT, and GST, exhibited an increase at higher mercury concentrations, with the exception of GPX activity, which decreased significantly in a dose‐dependent manner (p < 0.05). Pro‐inflammatory cytokine transcription levels, specifically TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and COX‐2, were significantly upregulated in a dose‐dependent manner in the mercuric (II) chloride (HgCl2) treatment group compared with the control group. TNF‐α protein expression was notably elevated in the larvae group treated with 300 and 400 nM HgCl2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Bhai,

Binesh,

Shanmugam

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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“…Pollution of aquatic systems with mercury during the developmental stage, i.e., embryonic and larval phases, can impact the development of several fish organs, such as improper cardiovascular and eyeball growth and development (Huang W. et al, 2011). Since the infancy stage is the most vulnerable to mercury toxicity (Yoshimasu K. et al,2014), the majority of fish suffer damage at this stage because mercury can stimulate energy-intensive detoxifying processes and consume a substantial quantity of energy, which reduces the amount of energy that would otherwise be available for development (Sfakianakis D. et al, 2015).…”

Section: Bone Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Impacts of Mercury Toxicity on Fish in an Aquatic System

Omach,

Odhiambo,

Owoko

2023

Preprint

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Mercury toxicity significantly threatens aquatic ecosystems, particularly impacting fish populations and human well-being. This article exposes the effects of mercury contamination on aquatic life and their habitats. Mercury primarily originates from natural degassing and anthropogenic activities and accumulates in aquatic organisms, most notably in predatory fish, through bio-accumulation and bio-magnification. This bio-accumulation, driven by microbial transformation to methyl-mercury, leads to elevated concentrations in top-level predators. The consequences of mercury exposure on fish physiology are stunted growth, reproductive impairments, and compromised immunity, with potential ramifications for population dynamics and ecosystem resilience. This study delves into specific impacts of mercury on fish, ranging from bone deformities to liver damage, developmental anomalies, neurotoxic effects, and disruptions in reproductive systems. The interplay between ecological, physiological, and human health effects underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of mercury's underlying mechanisms. Monitoring mercury levels in aquatic systems emerges as a crucial strategy for ensuring fish populations' health and ecosystems' sustainability. Urgent collaborative efforts are imperative to address this global concern, promote harmonious coexistence between human activities and aquatic environments, and secure the availability of safe and nutritious fish for future generations. In conclusion, this article highlights the urgent necessity for targeted interventions and informed decision-making to mitigate the influence of mercury contamination on aquatic ecosystems.

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“…The toxicity of methylmercury is several times that of inorganic mercury [14]. However, there is much controversy over whether inorganic mercury can be methylated inside fishes and converted to methylmercury [15,16,17]. Mercury is a highly toxic metal that is found in the spawning and nursery areas of red sea bream, and is believed to have deleterious effects on wild populations (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Toxicity of Divalent Mercury Ion to Anguilla japonica from Seawater and Freshwater Aquaculture and Its Effects on Tissue Structure

Tang

Liu

Zhang³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The acute toxicity of divalent mercury ion to Anguilla japonica from seawater and freshwater aquaculture was assessed. In particular, the effects of toxicity on the microstructures of the gill and liver tissues were examined using the hydrostatic method, without feeding, at a water temperature of 20 °C. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) of divalent mercury ion to fishes in seawater and freshwater over various durations were: 24 h = 1.637 and 1.428 mg/L; 48 h = 1.562 and 1.377 mg/L; 72 h = 1.530 and 1.284 mg/L; and 96 h = 1.442 and 1.228 mg/L. The safety mass concentrations were 0.1442 and 0.01228 mg/L, respectively. After exposure to divalent mercury ion, adhesion between the gill lamellae and massive cellular disintegration and necrotic shedding were observed in the gill tissue sections. The liver tissues underwent hyperemia and swelling, with the appearance of blood spots, swelling of the hepatocyte mitochondria, dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and intercellular inflation.

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Toxicity Testing of Waterborne Mercury with Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) Embryos and Larvae

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Effects of mercury chloride on antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish embryos

Health Impacts of Mercury Toxicity on Fish in an Aquatic System

Acute Toxicity of Divalent Mercury Ion to Anguilla japonica from Seawater and Freshwater Aquaculture and Its Effects on Tissue Structure

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