Toxicity Studies Related to Medicinal Plants

Bose, Sankhadip; Datta, Rana; Kirlin, Ward G.

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8127-4_30

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Medicinal plants utilized in conventional medicine are known to possess various secondary metabolites that may be responsible for their therapeutic effects [33,34]. On the same note, some of these plants and their constituents are reported to be toxic [35,36]. In this study, the phyto-constituents found present in HEET revealed important secondary metabolites which corroborates the results of previous reports [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Acute and 28-day toxicity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of <i>Eragrostis tremula</i> (Poaceae) in Wistar rats

Nazifi,

Abubakar,

Magaji

et al. 2023

J. Pharm Bio.

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Eragrostis tremula is utilized in Nigeria and other African countries as a memory enhancer, lactation stimulant, antiemetic, aphrodisiac and remedy for snake bites. Scientific reports revealed that this plant has anti-oxidant, anticholinesterase, cytotoxic and memory enhancing properties; despite these potentials, there is paucity of safety data to support its continued usage. This study investigated the toxicity profile of hydroethanolic extract of E. tremula (HEET) in Wistar rats. Acute and sub-acute (28 days at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg per oral) toxicity tests were conducted using OECD 425 and 407 guidelines respectively. Limit test at 5,000 mg/kg was conducted to ascertain the midpoint lethal dose (LD50). The LD50 of HEET was above 5000 mg/kg per oral and no significant alterations in haematological parameters and tissue morphology were observed. In the sub-acute study, no death was recorded. There were no changes in food intake, organ/body weight, lipid profile, liver and renal function indices. However, histology of the kidneys showed slight tubular adhesion and glomerular necrosis. HEET was practically safe after acute administration with no practical deleterious effect at 250 mg/kg after prolonged administration in rats. However, 28 days administration of high doses caused slight kidney injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Acute and 28-day toxicity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of <i>Eragrostis tremula</i> (Poaceae) in Wistar rats

Nazifi,

Abubakar,

Magaji

et al. 2023

J. Pharm Bio.

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“…An acute oral toxicity study was conducted using the limit test procedure according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for evaluating chemicals [56]. According to the procedure, Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of six animals each.…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carissa macrocarpa Leaves Polar Fraction Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats via Downregulating the Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers

et al. 2021

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Chemotherapeutic-related toxicity exacerbates the increasing death rate among cancer patients, necessitating greater efforts to find a speedy solution. An in vivo assessment of the protective effect of the C. macrocarpa leaves polar fraction of hydromethanolic extract against doxorubicin (Dox)-induced neurotoxicity was performed. Intriguingly, this fraction ameliorated Dox-induced cognitive dysfunction; reduced serum ROS and brain TNF-α levels, upregulated the brain nerve growth factor (NGF) levels, markedly reduced caspase-3 immunoexpression, and restored the histological architecture of the brain hippocampus. The in vivo study results were corroborated with a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling that revealed the presence of a high percentage of the plant polyphenolics. Molecular modeling of several identified molecules in this fraction demonstrated a strong binding affinity of flavan-3-ol derivatives with TACE enzymes, in agreement with the experimental in vivo neuroprotective activity. In conclusion, the C. macrocarpa leaves polar fraction possesses neuroprotective activity that could have a promising role in ameliorating chemotherapeutic-induced side effects.

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“…The use of medicinal herbs or traditional medicine is assumed to be safe, but potential toxicity might occur, either at a low or high dose, during longterm usage. Therefore, studies on toxicity of plants are needed to ensure proper use of medicinal plants (Bose et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephrotoxicity effect of Ginseng Bugis (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn) leaves ethanolic extract on creatinine, urea, and kidney histopathological features

Emelda,

Santi,

Besse

et al. 2024

IFRJ

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The prolonged use of traditional medicines in large doses is known to potentially cause organ failure, with the kidneys being particularly susceptible. Therefore, the present work aimed to determine the effect of Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn leaves ethanolic extract on serum creatinine and urea parameters, as well as kidney histopathological features, in an animal model. The rats used were separated into four groups. Group I (control) was given Na-CMC 1% (w/v); while groups II, III, and IV were administered ethanolic extract of Ginseng Bugis leaves at doses of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 g/kg bw, respectively. The extract was induced orally for 28 days, while the serum creatinine and urea levels were measured using human analyser on days 0 and 29. Additionally, a necropsy for organ retrieval of the kidneys was conducted on day 15. Tissue processing was then carried out for histopathological examination by Haematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining. Based on One way ANOVA statistical analysis on creatinine and urea levels, ethanolic extract of Ginseng Bugis leaves at doses of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 g/kg bw had no nephrotoxic effects. Regarding the histopathological features of the kidneys, the dose of 0.8 g/kg bw caused no abnormalities.

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Toxicity Studies Related to Medicinal Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Acute and 28-day toxicity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of <i>Eragrostis tremula</i> (Poaceae) in Wistar rats

Acute and 28-day toxicity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of <i>Eragrostis tremula</i> (Poaceae) in Wistar rats

Carissa macrocarpa Leaves Polar Fraction Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats via Downregulating the Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers

Nephrotoxicity effect of Ginseng Bugis (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn) leaves ethanolic extract on creatinine, urea, and kidney histopathological features

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