Toxicity of zinc, cadmium and copper to the shrimp Callianassa australiensis. I. Effects of individual metals

Ahsanullah, Mohammad; Negilski, D. S.; Mobley, M. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00393630

“…This process could cause more Cu to be eliminated from the organism and a consequent increase in Cd retention. The influence of sediment geochemistry in the present study yielded effects opposite to those found by Negilski et al [6] and Ahsanullah et al [7,8], even though the organisms were slightly different. It appears that the results of spiked-water investigations are not applicable to a sediment-water system.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…Negilski et al [6] and Ahsanullah et al [7,8] conducted a series of studies on Cd, Cu, and Zn toxicity in seawater to the shrimp Callianassa australiensis. They concluded that the metals in all paired mixtures behaved in an interactive manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Cd and Cu in anaerobic estuarine sediments. II. Bioavailability, body burdens and respiration effects as related to geochemical partitioning

Rule

¹

,

Alden

²

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The relationship between Cd and Cu distribution in sediment geochemical fractions and their bioavailability was studied. A fine-sandy textured estuarine sediment was treated with all combinations of 0, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg Cd and 0, 12, and 25 mg/kg Cu using the chloride salts of each metal. Grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), and hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) were exposed to the treated sediments in aquaria with 20 ppt artificial seawater for 14 d. Sediments were sequentially extracted before and after organism exposure to determine the exchangeable, easily reducible, organic-sulfide, moderately reducible, and acid extractable phases. Low mortalities were observed for all organism types and none were attributable to any of the treatments. The Cd and Cu concentrations in the easily reducible and organic-sulfide phases were found to be significantly related to the bioavailability of these metals. The most highly significant relationship was established between Cd in the easily reducible phase and body burden of Cd in the blue mussel. Notable interactions were found between Cd and Cu in some of the geochemical phases, body burdens, and respiration rates. Metal uptake, respiration, and interactions were highly dependent on the test species. A significant correlation was found between increased body burden and depressed respiration for Cd but not for Cu. Multiple regression models are used to describe these relationships. It appears that the interactive responses in the organisms are driven primarily by the sediment geochemical effects and mediated by individual organism processes. These results underscore the necessity of multicomponent (multielement) studies in assessing the fate and effects of toxic elements in the environment.

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“…For seven marine invertebrate species, LC50s of 0.58 to 13.1 mg/L were estimated [30], and for larvae of the crab ( Paragrapsus quadridentatus ), the corresponding value was 1.23 mg/L [31]. In a long‐term experiment using the shrimp ( Calli‐anasa australiensis ) LC50s of 10.2 and 1.15 mg/L for 4‐ and 14‐d exposure times, respectively, were estimated [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicokinetics and toxicity of zinc under time‐varying exposure in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

Widianarko¹,

Kuntoro²,

Gestel³

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Levels of toxic substances released into the environment are often highly variable and fluctuate over time. The present study deals with a simple type of time-variable exposure, diluted pulse. We determined toxicokinetic parameters of zinc in guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) and evaluated the applicability of a toxicokinetics-based survival model developed earlier. In the toxicokinetics experiment, zinc was rapidly taken up and released again; the half-life in fish was only 1.5 d. In the toxicity experiments with diluted-pulse exposure, survival leveled off to a baseline level, which in accordance with the model is explained by the dilution of zinc. The model fitted reasonably well for the lower initial concentrations but tended to overestimate survival rates at the higher concentrations. Toxicokinetic parameters estimated from changes in survival were close to values estimated from measured zinc concentrations in water. Elimination rates during pulse exposure varied from 0.434 to 0.488 d(-1) and corresponded very well to the elimination rate during constant exposure (0.463 d(-1)). Ultimate LC50 values were estimated as 6.40 and 9.10 mg/L. These results suggest that toxicity experiments with a simple, time-varying exposure can be used as an alternative to conventional, constant-exposure experiments. Toxicokinetic parameters and toxicological endpoints can still be estimated in static bioassays with decreasing exposure if the concentration in the medium is measured. At the same time, diluted-pulse experiments may simulate exposure from discharges in the field better than constant-exposure experiments.

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“…For seven marine invertebrate species, LC50s of 0.58 to 13.1 mg/L were estimated [30], and for larvae of the crab (Paragrapsus quadridentatus), the corresponding value was 1.23 mg/L [31]. In a long-term experiment using the shrimp (Callianasa australiensis) LC50s of 10.2 and 1.15 mg/L for 4-and 14-d exposure times, respectively, were estimated [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicokinetics and Toxicity of Zinc Under Time-Varying Exposure in the Guppy (Poecilia Reticulata)

Widianarko¹,

Kuntoro²,

Gestel³

et al. 2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Levels of toxic substances released into the environment are often highly variable and fluctuate over time. The present study deals with a simple type of time-variable exposure, diluted pulse. We determined toxicokinetic parameters of zinc in guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) and evaluated the applicability of a toxicokinetics-based survival model developed earlier. In the toxicokinetics experiment, zinc was rapidly taken up and released again; the half-life in fish was only 1.5 d. In the toxicity experiments with diluted-pulse exposure, survival leveled off to a baseline level, which in accordance with the model is explained by the dilution of zinc. The model fitted reasonably well for the lower initial concentrations but tended to overestimate survival rates at the higher concentrations. Toxicokinetic parameters estimated from changes in survival were close to values estimated from measured zinc concentrations in water. Elimination rates during pulse exposure varied from 0.434 to 0.488 d(-1) and corresponded very well to the elimination rate during constant exposure (0.463 d(-1)). Ultimate LC50 values were estimated as 6.40 and 9.10 mg/L. These results suggest that toxicity experiments with a simple, time-varying exposure can be used as an alternative to conventional, constant-exposure experiments. Toxicokinetic parameters and toxicological endpoints can still be estimated in static bioassays with decreasing exposure if the concentration in the medium is measured. At the same time, diluted-pulse experiments may simulate exposure from discharges in the field better than constant-exposure experiments.

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Toxicity of zinc, cadmium and copper to the shrimp Callianassa australiensis. I. Effects of individual metals

Cited by 65 publications

References 23 publications

Interactions of Cd and Cu in anaerobic estuarine sediments. II. Bioavailability, body burdens and respiration effects as related to geochemical partitioning

Interactions of Cd and Cu in anaerobic estuarine sediments. II. Bioavailability, body burdens and respiration effects as related to geochemical partitioning

Toxicokinetics and toxicity of zinc under time‐varying exposure in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata)

Toxicokinetics and Toxicity of Zinc Under Time-Varying Exposure in the Guppy (Poecilia Reticulata)

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