Toxicity of the venom of Latrodectus (Araneae: Theridiidae) spiders from different regions of Argentina and neutralization by therapeutic antivenoms

Roodt, Adolfo Rafael de; Lanari, Laura Cecilia; Laskowicz, Rodrigo Daniel; Oliveira, Vanessa Costa de; Irazú, Lucía; González, Alda; Giambelluca, Luis Alberto; Nicolai, Néstor; Barragán, Javier; Ramallo, Leticia; López, Raúl A.; Lopardo, Jorge; Jensen, Oscar; Larrieu, Edmundo; Calabró, Arnoldo; Vurcharchuc, Miriam Guadalupe; Lago, Néstor; García, Susana Isabel; Titto, Ernesto de; Damin, Carlos Fabián

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.029

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to Haas (2012, page 27), "poisoning by this spider is especially severe in children, elderly, and in patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease". [8][9][10][11] Scorpionism is a relevant public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries. Scorpions of the family Buthidae are known to contain toxic peptides that may be dangerous to humans.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropods of medical importance and profile of associated accidents for the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina state

Cozzer

Morsbacher

Bortolanza

et al. 2019

Rev Epidemiol Control Infect

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Justificativa e Objetivos: Artrópodes são de longe os animais mais comuns na Terra em indivíduos totais e táxons descritos. No Brasil, a importância dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos, nos quais se incluem acidentes por artrópodes peçonhentos, pode ser expressa pelos mais de 100 mil casos e cerca de 200 óbitos registrados ao ano. Os serviços públicos de saúde têm aumentado as notificações deste tipo de acidente nos estados da região sul do Brasil, principalmente os ocorridos na zona rural. Este acréscimo decorre das modificações do ambiente natural pelo desmatamento e pelos diferentes usos do solo pelo homem. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a ocorrência de acidentes com artrópodes peçonhentos e o perfil social dos acidentes associados no município de São Miguel do Oeste, no período de 2007 a 2016. Métodos: Trata-se de um transversal e retrospectivo, com dados obtidos nas fichas de notificação e investigação individual do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan). Resultados: A predominância dos acidentes envolveu pessoas do sexo masculino para lonomismo e outras lagartas venenosas e do sexo feminino para loxoscelismo, ocorreram mais frequentemente no ambiente urbano e envolveram a faixa etária entre 20 a 59 anos, afetando a população economicamente ativa. Conclusões: O estudo contribui para a compreensão dos determinantes para a ocorrência de animais peçonhentos em uma região de fronteira e fornece embasamento para as políticas públicas de promoção da saúde e de prevenção de agravos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Animais venenosos. Promoção de saúde. Saúde pública.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropods of medical importance and profile of associated accidents for the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina state

Cozzer

Morsbacher

Bortolanza

et al. 2019

Rev Epidemiol Control Infect

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“…Comparative analysis of the venom from European and North American populations of Eratigena agrestis (formerly Tegenaria agrestis ) revealed no significant differences (Binford, 2001). By contrast, regional differences in venom profiles and toxicity have been reported for Loxosceles rufescens and some members of the genus Latrodectus (Planas et al ., 2015; de Roodt et al ., 2017). Further studies are required to determine whether geographic variations in venom composition are widespread in spiders.…”

Section: Spider Venoms As Dynamic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology and evolution of spider venoms

et al. 2021

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Spiders are diverse, predatory arthropods that have inhabited Earth for around 400 million years. They are well known for their complex venom systems that are used to overpower their prey. Spider venoms contain many proteins and peptides with highly specific and potent activities suitable for biomedical or agrochemical applications, but the key role of venoms as an evolutionary innovation is often overlooked, even though this has enabled spiders to emerge as one of the most successful animal lineages. In this review, we discuss these neglected biological aspects of spider venoms. We focus on the morphology of spider venom systems, their major components, biochemical and chemical plasticity, as well as ecological and evolutionary trends. We argue that the effectiveness of spider venoms is due to their unprecedented complexity, with diverse components working synergistically to increase the overall potency. The analysis of spider venoms is difficult to standardize because they are dynamic systems, fine‐tuned and modified by factors such as sex, life‐history stage and biological role. Finally, we summarize the mechanisms that drive spider venom evolution and highlight the need for genome‐based studies to reconstruct the evolutionary history and physiological networks of spider venom compounds with more certainty.

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“…Hypertension and renal alteration (oliguria) are also reported. Death is not common even without the use of serotherapy but may still occur, largely due to pulmonary edema and cardiac failure [101].…”

Section: Clinical Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from the United States in mice by intraperitoneal route -L. mactans mactans: 1.3 (1.2 -2.7) mg/kg; L. variolus: 1.8 (1.2 -2.7) mg/kg; and L. bishop: 2.2 (1.29 -3.74) mg/kg. De Roodt et al [101], also using the intraperitoneal route in mice, has discovered a different range of LD 50 values for spiders from different regions of Argentina -L. mirabilis: 0.155 to 0.6 mg/kg; L. diaguita: 0.31 to 1.08 mg/ kg; and L. corallinus: 0.5 mg/kg 1 .…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that geographical differences can contribute to the intraspecific variability of venoms and their toxicity [135]; although there are no studies on the subject for Latrodectus spp., it is possible that variances in venom composition driven by different environmental pressures may have contributed to the discrepancy between the studies. To allow the comparison between works, the LD 50 values reported by De Roodt et al [101] were recalculated and expressed as mg/kg, considering 20 g as the mean weight of mice.…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas

Caruso

Lauria

Souza

et al. 2021

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Humankind has always been fascinated by venomous animals, as their toxic substances have transformed them into symbols of power and mystery. Over the centuries, researchers have been trying to understand animal venoms, unveiling intricate mixtures of molecules and their biological effects. Among venomous animals, Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (widow spiders) have become feared in many cultures worldwide due to their extremely neurotoxic venom. The Latrodectus genus encompasses 32 species broadly spread around the globe, 14 of which occur in the Americas. Despite the high number of species found in the New World, the knowledge on these spiders is still scarce. This review covers the general knowledge on Latrodectus spp. from the Americas. We address widow spiders' taxonomy; geographical distribution and epidemiology; symptoms and treatments of envenomation (latrodectism); venom collection, experimental studies, proteome and transcriptome; and biotechnological studies on these Latrodectus spp. Moreover, we discuss the main challenges and limitations faced by researchers when trying to comprehend this neglected group of medically important spiders. We expect this review to help overcome the lack of information regarding widow spiders in the New World.

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Toxicity of the venom of Latrodectus (Araneae: Theridiidae) spiders from different regions of Argentina and neutralization by therapeutic antivenoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Arthropods of medical importance and profile of associated accidents for the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina state

Arthropods of medical importance and profile of associated accidents for the municipality of São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina state

The biology and evolution of spider venoms

Widow spiders in the New World: a review on Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 (Theridiidae) and latrodectism in the Americas

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