Toxicity of Some Pesticides to two Important Parasitoids of Lepidopteran Tissue Borers

Evaluation of safety of newer insecticides to immature stages of Trichogramma japonicum

“…The results recorded under present study were found in line with earlier works observed under different insecticides on adult emergence when applied after 72 hours of parasitisation. Among them Fand et al, (2009) [6] recorded effect of lambda cyhalothrin and neem oil (1%) on per cent mortality when treated after 3 days of parasitisation and recorded 58.67 per cent and 25.33 per cent mortality of T. chilonis respectively, whereas Saha et al, (2017) [17] recorded 7.87 per cent pupal mortality under neemazal 1% EC (0.002%). However Kalaiselvi et al, (2007) [9] reported that reduction in adult emergence due to lambda cyhalothrin was 55.8 initially which increased up to 71.8 per cent which is in conformity with present result.…”

“…during pupal stage of development similarly the results recorded by earlier workers were found in line with the results under present study. Where Chao et al, (2008) [3] reported that buprofezinas harmless to all stages of Trichogramma japonicum and Saha et al, (2017) [17] recorded 7.81 per cent mortality of Trichogramma at pupal stage under neemazal 1% EC. However Souza et al, (2014) [23] reported that lambda cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam more toxic to pupal stage than egg-larval and pre-pupal stage towards per cent reduction in adult emergence, hence categorized as "Slightly harmful".…”