Toxicity of phosphine on the developmental stages of rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst over a range of concentrations and exposures

Abstract

The susceptibility of the developmental stages of rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum to a range of concentrations of phosphine over varying durations from 24 to 168 h was reconnoitered in the laboratory at 25 ± 2°C. Responses of the life stages exposed to phosphine were compared with those of un-treated controls over 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 h exposures and mortality was assessed after 14 days. Among the life stages tested, pupae were more tolerant to phosphine followed by the egg and the larval instars. At 24 h, the maximum LC 50 value was observed in case of egg; 1.571 mgL −1 ; followed by the pupae, 6 th instar, 4 th instar and 2 nd instar larvae with LC 50 values of 1.184, 0.336, 0.212 and 0.081 mgL −1 respectively. However, continued exposure of the developmental stages to phosphine, recorded maximum LC values in the pupae followed by egg and the larval instars. A linear increase in the mortality response was witnessed in all the insect stages when the exposure periods were extended from 24 to 168 h with increasing concentrations of phosphine, conversely significant increase in mortality was greatly apparent during the initial treatment periods.

Relative tolerance and expression of resistance to phosphine in life stages of the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus

“…This agrees with earlier limited indications that eggs are the most tolerant stage in this species (Barker 1969;Hole et al 1976) and with data on other insect pests of stored products including moths (Bell 1976) and psocids (Ho and Winks 1995). In other beetle pests of stored products, pupae are usually more than or almost as tolerant as eggs (Hole et al 1976;Howe 1973;Lindgren and Vincent 1966;Manivannan 2015), although these differences varied with fumigation exposure period (Hole et al 1976;Manivannan 2015).…”

Phytochemical residue profiles in rice grains fumigated with essential oils for the control of rice weevil

“…Likewise, the conventional fumigants, phosphine and methyl bromide have zero PSA value thereby the residue formation in fumigated commodities will be very less [22, 32]. …”

Status resistensi terhadap fosfin pada Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) dari gudang penyimpanan biji kakao di Makassar Sulawesi Selatan

“…Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pupa mempunyai ketahanan terhadap fosfin lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan imago dan larva. Fase pupa dan telur lebih toleran terhadap fosfin dibandingkan dengan fase larva dan imago (Manivannan 2015;Dianxuan et al 2016). Kaur et al (2012) diakibatkan oleh berkurangnya aktivitas metabolik (Kaur et al 2012).…”