Toxicity of Phenol to Fish and Aquatic Ecosystems

Saha, Nimai Chandra; Bhunia, F.; Kaviraj, Anilava

doi:10.1007/s001289900966

Cited by 138 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Phenol toxic action is due to its effect on the nervous system also has the same toxic effect of ammonia on fish respiratory function resulting in asphyxia [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on Mass Mortalities among Oreochromis Niloticus at Mariotteya Stream, Egypt: Parasitic Infestation and Environmental Pollution Impacts

Mahmoud¹,

Fahmy²

2014

Fish Aquac J

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The present study was carried out to determine the possible causes of an emergent event of respiratory distress with consequent mass mortalities among Nile fish, Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) at Mariotteya stream, an intrastate tributary of River Nile, Egypt. The area of incident extended from Shabramant till Abouseer city (along 4 km distance) with the direction of water current. Field visits have recorded thousands of dead large sized fish on both sides of the stream while huge numbers of fish of different size accumulated on the water surface showing typical signs of asphyxia. It was also noted that Mariotteya water body is being subjected to multiple sources of pollution through the dumping of improperly treated organic and inorganic chemical wastes in addition to sewage materials. Results of field and laboratory investigations have revealed that, all the examined 60 fish samples were heavily infested with different types of parasites including zoonotic species: Cichlidogyrus arthracanthus (monogenea), Lamproglena monody and Ergasilus sarsi (Copepod), Myxobolus dermatobia, Chilodonella hexastica, Trichodina truttae, Trichodina fultoni, Cryptosporidium spp. and Balantidium spp. (Protozoa), Acanthosentis tilapae.(Acanthocephala), Clinostomum spp., Euclinostomum spp., Heterophid and Prohemistomatid metacercarae (larval of Trematodes). The physical and chemical examinations of water samples and the analysis of heavy metals concentration indicated marked abnormal water quality parameters and environmental pollution which might be incriminated as a primary stress factor that promoted the invasion of parasites as a secondary stress factor. The study concluded that both factors would have interacted to produce this catastrophic intense case of respiratory distress and mass mortalities. The impact of the recorded parasitic infestation and environmental pollution was briefly discussed.

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“…Phenol toxic action is due to its effect on the nervous system also has the same toxic effect of ammonia on fish respiratory function resulting in asphyxia [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on Mass Mortalities among Oreochromis Niloticus at Mariotteya Stream, Egypt: Parasitic Infestation and Environmental Pollution Impacts

Mahmoud¹,

Fahmy²

2014

Fish Aquac J

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“…This is intensified by additional income of phenol in the issue of summer natural processes. For example, in Lake Vyrlytsia (Kyiv, Ukraine) which partly used for recreational purposes, the content for Oreochromis mossambicus it is 28.49 mg/L (Saha et al 1999), for Clarius lazera it is 150 mg/L (Zaki et al 2011). With regard to human health, phenol damages kidneys, liver, muscle, eyes; it irritates skin and causes its necrosis (Bazrafshan et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Evaluation the Effects of the Safe Concentration of Wastewater Containing Phenol on Aquatic Ecosystems

Bezverbna

Załęska-Radziwiłł

2018

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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The aim of this study was to identify the toxicity, determine and verify safe concentration of effluents containing phenol to the aquatic ecosystems on the basis of single- and multispecies ecotoxicological bioassays. Synthetic wastewater imitating municipal sewage showed acute toxicity in relation to all bioindicators and belonged to the third toxicity class. The most sensible organism was Danio rerio, the most resistance organism was Desmodesmus quadricauda. Chronic safe concentration of wastewater containing phenol was 0.63% which corresponded to 0.63 mg/l of phenol. Appointed safe concentration and the one ten times higher than safe were verified in microcosm study, which confirmed that safe concentration did not cause toxic effects. Maximum permissible concentration of phenol in water bodies does not exceed determined concentration in different countries. Proposed research model can be used to determine and verify safe concentrations for aquatic ecosystems of many types of sewage from various industries.

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“…These compounds also show toxic effects on organisms such as tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and bacteria (for example cyanobacteria) [1]. The toxic effect is well reflected in the case of tilapia: Although the LC50 (96 h exposure) value for tilapia is «30 mg¨L´1, the reproduction rate was 50% lowered at 2.85 mg¨L´1 phenol concentration [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights on the Simultaneous Removal by Adsorption on Organoclays of Humic Acid and Phenol

Szabó

Pap

Simon

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:The exploitation of thermal water as a heat source in houses and apartments (during winter) is a widely used alternative to natural gas. However, this type of water may contain organic contaminants, which must be removed before releasing the used water into rivers and lakes. Because of the presence of a wide range of pollutants (including phenolic compounds and humates), efficient, cheap removal processes are needed. In order to demonstrate their capability in thermal water cleaning, clay minerals were applied for the removal of phenol and humic acid via adsorption. To determine the most efficient removal strategy for the aforementioned pollutants, the following parameters were investigated: the type of the clay mineral, the organophilization strategy (in situ or pre-organophilization), and the individual or simultaneous removability of the model pollutants. The current study revealed that the applied low cost, in situ prepared clay mineral adsorbents are applicable in the removal of pollutants from thermal water.

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Toxicity of Phenol to Fish and Aquatic Ecosystems

Cited by 138 publications

References 9 publications

Investigations on Mass Mortalities among Oreochromis Niloticus at Mariotteya Stream, Egypt: Parasitic Infestation and Environmental Pollution Impacts

Investigations on Mass Mortalities among Oreochromis Niloticus at Mariotteya Stream, Egypt: Parasitic Infestation and Environmental Pollution Impacts

Ecotoxicological Evaluation the Effects of the Safe Concentration of Wastewater Containing Phenol on Aquatic Ecosystems

New Insights on the Simultaneous Removal by Adsorption on Organoclays of Humic Acid and Phenol

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