Toxicity of nanoplastics for zebrafish embryos, what we know and where to go next

Torres-Ruiz, Mónica; Vieja, Antonio De la; González, Mercedes de Alba; López, Marta Esteban; Calvo, Argelia Castaño; Portilla, Ana Isabel Cañas

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149125

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…4, 7). Our results of compromised detoxification pathways with PET NPs are in line with earlier studies, which showed pro-oxidant properties of micro-and nano-sized PS particles leading to decreased levels of reduced GSH, and increased ROS levels and altered antioxidant enzyme activities 12,28,29,[63][64][65] A key consequence of increase ROS include oxidative damage to cellular membranes. In this regard,, we observed a significant increase in FA, Chol, Cho, EA and GPC in PET NPs exposed embryos.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A mechanistic understanding of the effects of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo

Bashirova

Poppitz

Klüver

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Plastic pollution, especially by nanoplastics (NPs), has become an emerging topic due to the widespread existence and accumulation in the environment. The research on bioaccumulation and toxicity mechanism of NPs from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is widely used for packaging material, have been poorly investigated. Herein, we report the first use of high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR based metabolomics in combination with toxicity assay and behavioural end points to get systems-level understanding of toxicity mechanism of PET NPs in intact zebrafish embryos. PET NPs exhibited significant alterations on hatching and survival rate. Accumulation of PET NPs in larvae were observed in liver, intestine, and kidney, which coincide with localization of reactive oxygen species in these areas. HRMAS NMR data reveal that PET NPs cause: (1) significant alteration of metabolites related to targeting of the liver and pathways associated with detoxification and oxidative stress; (2) impairment of mitochondrial membrane integrity as reflected by elevated levels of polar head groups of phospholipids; (3) cellular bioenergetics as evidenced by changes in numerous metabolites associated with interrelated pathways of energy metabolism. Taken together, this work provides for the first time a comprehensive system level understanding of toxicity mechanism of PET NPs exposure in intact larvae.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A mechanistic understanding of the effects of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo

Bashirova

Poppitz

Klüver

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Three plastic sizes were used, in order to investigate the effect of this parameter on their toxicity and bioavailability. Commercial PS NPs and MPs were chosen for this study, due to their availability in different and homogeneous sizes, which makes them very suitable for studying size-dependent effects, and due to their widespread use in laboratory experiments [ 41 ], and in spite of their lower environmental relevance compared to other polymers such as PP or PVC [ 42 , 43 ] or environmental NPs and MPs [ 44 ]. Especially in the case of Fluoresbrite ® 50 nm NPs, which, according to the manufacturer’s information, are designed as standards for instrument calibration and probes for cellular studies, fluorescent labelling greatly facilitates their localization and distribution within the organisms by non-invasive microscopical techniques, without interfering in the individuals’ development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other nanomaterials, such as 27 nm SiO 2 fluorescent nanoparticles have also been localized into zebrafish embryo eyes at 120 hpf [ 69 ]. The presence of nanoparticles in the yolk sac is usually reported for zebrafish embryos [ 23 , 41 , 69 ]. Zebrafish embryos exposed to fluorescent PS NPs presented a higher internalization of NPs with the increase of larval age [ 23 , 70 ], with fluorescence being located on the surface of the chorion, in the yolk sac (24 hpf), and in the head [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of the Toxicity of Polystyrene Nano- and Microplastics Alone and in Combination with Benzo(a)pyrene in Brine Shrimp Larvae and Zebrafish Embryos

et al. 2022

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The occurrence of nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems and their capacity to sorb hydrophobic pollutants is nowadays an issue of great concern. This study aimed to assess the potential bioavailability and acute toxicity of polystyrene (PS) NPs (50 and 500 nm) and of MPs (4.5 µm), alone and with sorbed benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), in the embryo/larval stages of brine shrimps and zebrafish. Exposure to pristine plastics up to 50.1 mg PS/L did not cause significant impact on brine shrimp survival, while some treatments of plastics-B(a)P and all concentrations of B(a)P (0.1–10 mg/L) resulted acutely toxic. In zebrafish, only the highest concentrations of MPs-B(a)P and B(a)P caused a significant increase of malformation prevalence. Ingestion of NPs was observed by 24–48 h of exposure in the two organisms (from 0.069 to 6.87 mg PS/L). In brine shrimps, NPs were observed over the body surface and within the digestive tract, associated with feces. In zebrafish, NPs were localized in the eyes, yolk sac, and tail at 72 h, showing their capacity to translocate and spread into the embryo. MP ingestion was only demonstrated for brine shrimps. In zebrafish embryos exposed to plastics-B(a)P, B(a)P appeared in the yolk sac of the embryos. The presence of B(a)P was also noticeable in brine shrimps exposed to 500 nm NPs-B(a)P. In conclusion, NPs entered and spread into the zebrafish embryo and PS NPs, and MPs were successful vectors of B(a)P to brine shrimp and zebrafish embryos. Particle size played a significant role in explaining the toxicity of plastics–B(a)P. Our study provides support for the idea that plastics may pose a risk to aquatic organisms when combined with persistent organic pollutants such as B(a)P.

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“…All solutions were prepared with dechlorinated carbon-filtered water, where the mixture of BM-DBM and PS-NPs was left for 6 h in advance to reach adsorption equilibrium and the exposure solution was replaced once a day. The concentrations of BM-DBM (1770.3 ng/L) and PS-NPs (0.55-8.6 mg/L) were set based on reported environmentally relevant concentrations (Rodriguez et al, 2015;Torres-Ruiz et al, 2021).…”

Section: Exposure Of Non-transgenic Zebrafish Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive neurotoxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics and butyl methoxydibenzoyl methane on early zebrafish embryos

et al. 2022

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Organic ultraviolet filters (OUVFs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are two important new pollutants that coexist widely in freshwater and coastal habitats. Both OUVFs and MPs can be taken up by aquatic organisms and may be toxic or co-toxic. In this study, the neurotoxicity and interaction neurotoxicity of the typical OUVFs butyl methoxydibenzoyl methane (BM-DBM) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on zebrafish at environmental concentrations were comprehensively investigated at the tissue and molecular levels using transgenic or non-transgenic zebrafish. Results showed that both BM-DBM and PS-NPs induced abnormal expression of developmental genes neurogenin 1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins osteosarcoma oncogene, growth-associated protein 43, synapsin IIa, and apoptosis regulator a (Bcl2a), Bcl2 associated x and apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase a, neuronal loss, motor neuron axon deletion, neuronal apoptosis and behavioral abnormalities in larvae thus being neurotoxic. BM-DBM also specifically interferes with neurotransmitter systems and affects signaling between neurons. In addition, PS-NPs and BM-BDM exerted synergistic and antagonistic effects in inducing apoptosis in neuronal cells and developmental neurotoxicity, respectively. Our results highlight the neurotoxic risk of PS-NPs and BM-BDM and the complex interactive neurotoxic effects of the two. We anticipate that our study may lay the foundation for ecological risk assessment of OUVFs and PS-NPs and exploration of complex interactions between PS-NPs and hydrophobic organic pollutants.

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Toxicity of nanoplastics for zebrafish embryos, what we know and where to go next

Cited by 59 publications

References 103 publications

A mechanistic understanding of the effects of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo

A mechanistic understanding of the effects of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo

Screening of the Toxicity of Polystyrene Nano- and Microplastics Alone and in Combination with Benzo(a)pyrene in Brine Shrimp Larvae and Zebrafish Embryos

Interactive neurotoxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics and butyl methoxydibenzoyl methane on early zebrafish embryos

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