Toxicity of methyl tertiary butyl ether to Daphnia magna and Photobacterium phosphoreum

Gupta, Gian; Lin, Yaw-Jian

doi:10.1007/bf00196044

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These reproducibility values were comparable to 10-20% reproducibility previously reported [15,16] for the V. fischeri assay. Reproducibility from several intra-and inter-laboratory studies reported an average reproducibility of 38.8% for the bioassays based on the most common invertebrate and fish test species [22]. Our values are consistent with these norms.…”

Section: Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Other authors have claimed that MTBE is not toxic to D. magna at concentrations of 1-1000 mg/L for exposures up to 48 h [22]. These results, obtained with the static mode of the D. magna assay, are explicable by volatilization of MTBE.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 76%

“…At concentrations of 388-2600 mg/L, MTBE is toxic to vertebrates [24,26,27]. EC 50 values of 7.4-41.8 mg/L have been reported for acute toxicity of MTBE towards bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Photobacterium phosphoreum [22,13]. In microalgae, MTBE is toxic at concentrations of 184-4800 mg/L when tested with species such as Selenastrum capricornutum and Synechococus leopoliensis [24,28].…”

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data suggest an EC 50 value of 12 mg/L for toxicity of MTBE for V. fischeri at 30 min of exposure. Clearly, V. fischeri is more sensitive than P. phosphoreum even though the toxicity response of both bacteria is measured as a reduction in bioluminescence [13,22].…”

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined toxicity effects of MTBE and pesticides measured with Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna bioassays

et al. 2003

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Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a fuel oxygenate that is added to gasoline, commonly contaminates aquatic systems, many of which are already contaminated with pesticides. The toxic effects (EC 50 value) of several pure pesticides (Diuron, Linuron, Dichlofluanid, Sea nine, Irgarol and tributyltin (TBT)) were measured and compared with the EC 50 value of the pesticide mixed with MTBE, using the Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna acute toxicity assays. The interaction between chemicals was evaluated in terms of the effects of mixing on the EC 50 value (i.e. the concentration (mg/L) of a compound or mixture that is required to produce a 50% change in a toxic response parameter) and the time required to generate the toxic response. Presence of MTBE enhanced the EC 50 value of several pesticides (Diuron, Dichlofluanid, TBT and Linuron) and/or the toxic response manifested more rapidly than with pure pesticides. Toxicity enhancements were quite substantial in many cases. For example, the presence of MTBE increased the toxicity of Diuron by more than 50% when tested with the V. fischeri assay (5, 15 and 30 min exposure). Also, the toxic response manifested itself within 5 min whereas without the MTBE the same response arose in 30 min. Presence of MTBE increased the toxicity of Dichlofluanid by 30% when measured with the D. magna assay. Toxicities of only two pesticides (Sea nine and Irgarol) were not raised by the presence of MTBE. r

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Section: Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicity Of Pure Mtbementioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined toxicity effects of MTBE and pesticides measured with Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna bioassays

et al. 2003

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“…During and prior to 1995, several aquatic toxicity and related environmental fate and effect data for MTBE were available in the peer-reviewed and "grey" literature (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Empirical data indicating a low potential for bioconcentration in tissue, a low octanol/water partition coefficient, and rapid depuration from fish tissues were published by Fujiwara et al (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MTBE Ambient Water Quality Criteria Development: A Public/Private Partnership

Mancini

Steen

Rausina

et al. 2001

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A public/private partnership was established in 1997, under the administrative oversight of the American Petroleum Institute (API), to develop aquatic toxicity data sufficient to calculate ambient water quality criteria for methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline oxygenate. The MTBE Water Quality Criteria Work Group consisted of representatives from private companies, trade associations, and USEPA. Funding was provided by the private entities, while aquatic biological/toxicological expertise was provided by industry and USEPA scientists. This public/private partnership constituted a nonadversarial, cost-effective, and efficient process for generating the toxicity data necessary for deriving freshwater and marine ambient water quality criteria. Existing aquatic toxicity data were evaluated for acceptability, consistent with USEPA guidance, and nineteen freshwater and marine tests were conducted by commercial laboratories as part of this effort to satisfy the federal criteria database requirements. Definitive test data were developed and reported under the oversight of industry study monitors and Good Laboratory Practice standards auditors, and with USEPA scientists participating in advisory and critical review roles. Calculated, preliminary freshwater criteria for acute (Criterion Maximum Concentration) and chronic (Criterion Continuous Concentration) exposure effect protection are 151 and 51 mg MTBE/L, respectively. Calculated, preliminary marine criteria for acute and chronic exposure effect protection are 53 and 18 mg MTBE/L, respectively. These criteria values may be used for surface water quality management purposes, and they indicate that ambient MTBE concentrations documented in U. S. surface waters to date do not constitute a risk to aquatic organisms.

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Toxicity of methyltert‐butyl ether to plants (Avena sativa,Zea mays,Triticum aestivum, andLactuca sativa)

Kampbell

McGill³

2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Influence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) on the germination of seeds and growth of seedling plants were studied in laboratory experiments. Test plants were wild oats (Avena sativa), sweet corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth of plants exposed to different concentrations of MTBE in a moist soil were examined. Seed germination and seedling growth in MTBE-contaminated soil were markedly reduced in all test plants. The median lethal concentration values for seed germination tests and the median effective concentration values for shoot or root growth were calculated. The values for lettuce, wild oats, wheat, and sweet corn were in the range of 18 to 91, 362 to 459, 432 to 751, and 672 to 964 mg MTBE/kg soil as dry weight, respectively. Lettuce was most sensitive to MTBE, followed (in order of decreasing sensitivity) by wild oats, wheat, and sweet corn. Because MTBE can be readily absorbed by plants due to its high solubility in water, plant growth was a more sensitive endpoint than seed germination. Shoot length was more reduced in MTBE-contaminated soil than was the root length, which indicated that MTBE might be transported within the plant from the roots to the shoots.

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Toxicity of methyl tertiary butyl ether to Daphnia magna and Photobacterium phosphoreum

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Combined toxicity effects of MTBE and pesticides measured with Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna bioassays

Combined toxicity effects of MTBE and pesticides measured with Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna bioassays

MTBE Ambient Water Quality Criteria Development: A Public/Private Partnership

Toxicity of methyltert‐butyl ether to plants (Avena sativa,Zea mays,Triticum aestivum, andLactuca sativa)

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