Toxicity of Legiayu incense as Insecticide and Larvicide Against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Mortality

Abstract

Community-based DHF vector control has been implemented in Indonesia but has not yet obtained optimal results. Thus, in the community choosing synthetic insecticides to control disease vectors. However, irregular and excessive use of insecticides has a toxic effect and resistance to mosquitoes. Burning mosquito coils and incense containing synthetic dyes and fragrances have the potential to reduce environmental quality. Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze the toxicity of Legiayu incense as an insecticide and larvicide against Aedes aegypti mosquito mortality. The research design is experimental with a completely randomized design. Testing was conducted by providing exposure to smoke and ash of Legiayu incense five times on twenty-five Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA, LSD, and probit test. The test result as insecticide value (p=0.000) effective exposure for 20 minutes with a durability of 6 hours. The test result as larvicide value (p=0.000) effective exposure for 24 hours. Thus, exposure toismoke and ash of iLegiayuiincense has a very noticeable effect on the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Exposureito Legiayu incense smoke obtained an LT50 value of 0,9012 ≤ 5 (super toxic category) with a time of 15 minutes 39 seconds, coefficient determination of 99.24%, and correlation coefficient of 99.62% while exposure to the ash of Legiayu incense obtained LT50 value of 0,05896 ≤ 5 (super toxic category) with time 19 hours 15 minutes 34 seconds, coefficient determination and correlation coefficient of 100%. Histopathological test results showed that Legiayu incense smoke did not cause tissue degeneration, necrosis, hyperplasia, and metaplasia in the lung tissue of mice (mus musculus) within a period of 12 weeks. Thus, Legiayu incense is effective as insecticides and larvicides against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Legiayu incense has potential substitute for mosquito repellent coils, temephos, and synthetic incense circulating in the market.

Strategy to control and eradicate dengue hemorrhagic fever vectors in Bali

“…At this point, the public is expected to understand and be capable of using pesticides and larvicides appropriately, precisely, and measurably to reduce the occurrence of resistance in mosquitoes, particularly dengue vectors [37]. Dengue vector control in Bali can be accomplished using natural ingredients contained in Legiayu incense mixtures.…”

“…According to indigenous wisdom, this incense is used not only during the ceremony but also as a vector control technique. Mertha Adnyana et al [13] Legundi leaves, lemongrass leaves, and wood powder are combined to create legiayu incense. Legiayu incense can be used as a pesticide (smoke) to suppress adult Aedes (stegomyia) aegypti mosquito vectors (imago).…”

“…Procurement of raw materials must appeal to indigenous farmers and competent indigenous producers. Additionally, communities can give and nurture insect repellent plants that are effective as larva controllers and imago vectors of dengue virus infection [37].…”

“…[9], [10]. While the larva monitoring officer (JUMANTIK) has been deployed to assist in monitoring the presence of eggs, larvae, and imago in order to break the chain of mosquito breeding at the household level, this effort has encountered [11]- [13]. A larva monitoring officer (JUMANTIK) is assigned or hired to keep an eye on the vectors that cause dengue fever, from eggs to imago, as part of the public health center's (PHC) plan to get rid of mosquito nests in each area.…”

Effects of exposure to incense smoke associated with impaired lung function and respiratory disease: A Systematic Review

“…Therefore, it has considerable health and environmental implications [4]. Daily incense burning will continue to contribute to polluting particulates that can degrade the environment and lower the degree of health through decreased respiratory tract function [5], [6]. According to several studies, exposure to incense smoke can impair lung organ function and create harmful health effects, considerably raising the risk of respiratory diseases caused by pollution [7], [8].…”