Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Biological Defense: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry-VII

Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro

doi:10.1021/ed072p479

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This impact has been intensified since the Industrial Revolution with many chemicals now being released into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems as well as the atmosphere (Ochiai, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

et al. 2006

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Toxicity tests using early life stages of fish are of great importance in assessing risks to growth, reproduction and survival in polluted environments and are important tools for good environmental monitoring. However, a small number of standard bioassays of this type have been developed in Brazil. Curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus) is an abundant South American characid fish of great commercial interest. It was chosen for testing different concentrations of 40% dimethoate, an organophosphate insecticide and acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitor used widely in Brazil. The 48-h LC 50 for eggs is higher than 16.0 µg.L -1 , whereas for recently hatched larvae it was found to be significantly lower (11.81 µg.L ) and also significantl y lower than that for eggs by a Student t-test for independent samples (p = 0.03). The 96-h LC 50 for 3-day old larvae was 10.44 µg.L -1 (8.03 µg.L -1 -13.57 µg.L -1 ), similar to that of recently-hatched larvae (p = 0.76). Larval mobility was also found to be reduced by this insecticide.Keywords: pesticide, toxicity, fishes, bioassay, larvae. resumo toxicidade do acaricida organofosforado dimetoato 40% aos ovos e larvas deProchilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, characiformes)Os testes de toxicidade com os primeiros estágios de vida de peixes são de elevada importância no que se refere ao comprometimento das fases de crescimento, reprodução e sobrevivência dos organismos em ambientes poluídos, constituindo uma ferramenta importante para um adequado monitoramento ambiental. Entretanto, um pequeno número de bioensaios desta natureza tem sido desenvolvido no Brasil. O curimbatá (Prochilodus linetaus) é um peixe da ordem Characidae de grande interesse comercial e muito abundante na América do Sul. A espécie foi utilizada para testar diferentes concentrações de dimetoato 40%, um pesticida organofosforado inibidor da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE) utilizado em grande escala no Brasil. A CL50 (48h) para ovos é superior a 16,0 µg.L -1; entretanto para larvas recém-eclodidas foi significativamente mais baixa (11,81 µg.L -1 , variando de 10.23 a 13,65) de acordo com o teste-t para amostras independentes (p = 0.03). A CL50 para larvas com 3 dias de vida foi de 10,44 µg.L -1 (8,03-13,57), apresentando-se similar ao resultado encontrado para larvas recém-eclodidas (p = 0.76). A mobilidade das larvas foi reduzida na presença deste pesticida. toxicidade, peixes, bioensaios, larva. 634 CAMPAGNA, A. F. et al. Palavras

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“…This impact has been intensified since the Industrial Revolution with many chemicals now being released into aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems as well as the atmosphere (Ochiai, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

et al. 2006

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“…Methyl mercury is fat and water soluble, which is easily taken up by living cells (Hammond and Foulkes, 1986); it is the main form of Hg in fish (95°/0) (Driscoll et al, 1994); and it bioaccurnulates (e.g., larger fish > smaller fish) (Bathe et al, 1971) and biomagnifies (e.g., carnivorous fish > omnivorous fish > herbivorous fish) readily (Ochiai 1995 [Gonzales et al, 1999] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Elements, With Special Reference to Mercury, in Fish Collected Upstream and Downstream of Los Alamos National Laboratory

Fresquez¹,

Huchton²,

Mullen³

1999

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Trace elements (Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl) were determined in muscle (fillet) of average sized fish (mostly carp, catfkh, and sucker) collected from the confluences of major canyons that cross Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) lands with the Rio Grande (RG). Also, trace elements were determined in fish from reservoirs upstream (Abiquiu [AR]) and downstream (Cochiti [CR]) of LANL from 1991 through 1999. In general, all of the (mean) trace elements, including Hg, were either at the limits of detection (LOD) or in low concentrations at all study sites. Of the trace elements (e.g., Ba, Cu, and Hg) that were found to be above the LOD in fish muscle collected from LANL canyons/RG, none were in significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations than in muscle of fish collected from background locations. Mercury concentrations (mean of means) in fish from AR (all other trace elements were at LOD) were significantly higher (p < 0.10) than Hg concentrations in fish from CR, and Hg concentrations in fish collected from both reservoirs exhibited significantly (AR = p <0.05 and CR = p < 0.10) decreasing trends over time.

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“…A partir da revolução Industrial, tal situação agravou-se, pois muitas substâncias químicas começaram ser lançadas nos ecossistemas aquáticos, terrestres e na atmosfera (OCHIAI, 1995). Como resultado do crescimento exponencial das atividades humanas, a maioria dos rios do mundo vêm sofrendo degradação (FRASER; MEYBECK; ONGKLEY; 1995).…”

Section: -Revisão Bibliográficaunclassified

Toxicidade dos sedimentos da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Monjolinho ( São Carlos - SP): ênfase nas substâncias cobre, aldrin e heptacloro

Campagna¹

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Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Biological Defense: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry-VII

Abstract: Discussion of the adverse/toxic effects of metallic elements, particularly the heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg), and biological defenses against these species.

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae

Trace Elements, With Special Reference to Mercury, in Fish Collected Upstream and Downstream of Los Alamos National Laboratory

Toxicidade dos sedimentos da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Monjolinho ( São Carlos - SP): ênfase nas substâncias cobre, aldrin e heptacloro

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