Toxicity of Field-Weathered Insecticide Residues to Four Kinds of Bees
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Johansen, Carl

doi:10.1093/ee/1.3.393

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Hence no consistent trends among these insecticides are evident according to major insecticide class based on general mode of action and chemical structure. Johansen (1972), though recognizing exceptions, suggested that the susceptibility of bees to insecticides increases with decreasing body size. He related this to an increased potential for pickup of residues with increased surface area to volume ratios in smaller bees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larger bees are more likely to receive greater, nominal quantities of insecticide than smaller bees by direct contact with spray droplets. Johansen's (1972) suggestion of an increased potential for pickup of residues with increased surface area to volume ratios in smaller bees includes additional behavioural factors and routes of exposure. Our study does not suggest an inherent, physiological relationship between size and susceptibility.…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Permethrin is known to repel honey bees (Pike et al 1982), a property which may also influence field exposure of other bees. Trichlorfon probably represents little hazard based on these data [notwithstanding Johansen's (1972) study of exposure to field-weathered residues on foliage where caged B. centralis incurred 89% mortaiity].…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory toxicology of six forestry insecticides to four species of bee (hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Helson

Barber

Kingsbury

1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Abstract. Laboratory dose-response studies were conducted with four species of adult bees, Apis mellifera (workers), Andrena erythronii (females), Megachile rotundata (females), and Bombus terricola (workers), using six insecticides, permethrin, mexacarbate, aminocarb, fenitrothion, carbaryl, and trichlorfon. All insecticides were applied topically to the thorax of the bees as technical grade in an acetone carrier. Mortality was accumulated over 48 h, and probit analyses were conducted separately on data sets expressed in units of IxgAI (active ingredient)/g body weight and of p~gAI/bee. LDso values with 95% confidence limits and slopes with standard errors are provided for each bee/insecticide combination in each data set. Relative toxicities, relative susceptibilities, and fresh body weights are also provided. The analysis in units of p~gAI/g body weight indicated that the insecticides were typically ranked in order of decreasing toxicity--permethrin, mexacarbate, aminocarb, fenitrothion, carbaryl, and trichlorfon. Likewise, the bees ranked from the most to least susceptible in the order ofA. mellifera, A. erythronii, M. rotundata, andB. terricola. Trends within the data set for units of IxgAl/bee were less consistent. These data are discussed and compared with other published data on the toxicology of insecticides to bees and from the perspective of risk assessment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laboratory toxicology of six forestry insecticides to four species of bee (hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Helson

Barber

Kingsbury

1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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“…Although these data are often extrapolated to predict impacts on all other bee species, there are many important differences in ecology, physiology, and behaviour of honey bees and non-Apis taxa (Thompson and Hunt 1999). Indeed, laboratory studies have shown that different bee species vary in their susceptibility to pesticides (Devillers et al 2003;Johansen 1972;Johansen 1977;Johansen et al 1983;Scott-Dupree et al 2009;Zahoor and Johansen 1973), and it is therefore important to generate data on the susceptibility of other bee species to pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Megachile rotundata to insecticides used in wild blueberry production in Atlantic Canada

2011

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The alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (Fabricius), is a valuable wild and managed pollinator of lowbush blueberry (syn. 'wild blueberry', Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.), in Atlantic Canada. As some insecticides may present a hazard to pollinators, we assessed the susceptibility of M. rotundata to insecticides used or projected for future use in lowbush blueberry pest management. In topical direct contact bioassays, adults were susceptible to phosmet, spinosad, spinetoram, and deltamethrin. Based on findings from these laboratory studies, it appears that when used at recommended or projected application rates, each of these compounds poses a hazard to M. rotundata by direct contact. In a second experiment, eggs and larvae were collected in the field and their pollen provisions were treated with deltamethrin, flubendiamide, and spinetoram at field relevant concentrations. Larvae treated with deltamethrin and spinetoram in the laboratory either died before spinning a cocoon or, in the case of spinetoram, occasionally pupated without spinning a cocoon. Flubendiamide was not toxic to adult M. rotundata by direct contact and had no effect on larval survivorship, or time to complete cocoon spinning. Emergence after overwintering was relatively poor overall, but there was no effect of treatment. Based on these results, flubendiamide appears safe to use in the presence of M. rotundata, whereas the other insecticides we tested may pose a hazard.

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“…Few studies quantify differences in lethality between invertebrate groups, such as pollinator assemblages (Johansen 1972;Arena & Sgolastra 2014). Considering variability in response among taxa and functional groups, singular focal species may not be good general representatives of non-target organisms collectively.…”

Section: Impacts On Non-target Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides and Pollination of Imperiled Plants of the Lower Florida Keys

Harris¹

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Toxicity of Field-Weathered Insecticide Residues to Four Kinds of Bees 1 , 2

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory toxicology of six forestry insecticides to four species of bee (hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Laboratory toxicology of six forestry insecticides to four species of bee (hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Susceptibility of Megachile rotundata to insecticides used in wild blueberry production in Atlantic Canada

Pesticides and Pollination of Imperiled Plants of the Lower Florida Keys

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