Toxicity of Certain Chemical Compounds Against Aphids, Leafhoppers AND Related Predators on Faba Bean Fields

Abstract

Faba bean, Vicia faba L., is a main nutritive source for human beings and their domestic animals. Many insect pests have been recorded on Vicia faba such as aphids, leafhoppers which are the most harmful insects, causing a considerable loss in yield. The current study was conducted at the experimental farm of the Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, to evaluate the chemical compounds against aphids, leafhoppers and the common associated predators during 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 growing seasons. The tested insecticides were neonicotinoids (Gamorid,Actara and Oshin), carbamates (Marshal), avermectin (Proveplus ) and the Biocide (Beauveria bassiana). Marshal induced the highest effect against aphids (91.46 to 93.48 % reduction) followed closely by Actara (87.28 to 91.48% reduction) during the two seasons of study. Beauveria bassiana induced the lowest reduction in aphid's population (53.34 to 40.40% reduction) Similarly, Marshal and Actara induced the highest initial effect against leafhoppers followed closely by Gamorid and Marshal (87.23 to 87.11% reduction), while B. bassiana induced the lowest reduction (64.96 to 57.82 % reduction). The rest insecticides exhibited moderate initial effect. Regarding the side effect on the associated predators, Marshal, Actara, and Oshin induced the highest initial kill to predator's population in two seasons,while, B. bassiana induced the lowest reduction. These results indicated that Marshal, Actara and Oshin could be included in IPM program on faba bean fields.