Toxicity of Carbon Nanomaterials—Towards Reliable Viability Assessment via New Approach in Flow Cytometry

Malina, Tomáš; Poláková, Kateřina; Hirsch, Cordula; Svoboda, Ladislav; Zbořil, Radek

doi:10.3390/ijms22147750

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…It is important to take into account again the possible interferences that the material could present. As has been seen with other 2D materials, controls are required when flow cytometry is performed to avoid the misinterpretation of the data [ 52 ]. Cytometry results ( Figure S6 ) also show the non-toxic effect of BNNs in HeLa cells after the studied contact time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Synthesis of Highly Biocompatible 2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets

et al. 2022

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2D ultrafine nanomaterials today represent an emerging class of materials with very promising properties for a wide variety of applications. Biomedical fields have experienced important new achievements with technological breakthroughs obtained from 2D materials with singular properties. Boron nitride nanosheets are a novel 2D layered material comprised of a hexagonal boron nitride network (BN) with interesting intrinsic properties, including resistance to oxidation, extreme mechanical hardness, good thermal conductivity, photoluminescence, and chemical inertness. Here, we investigated different methodologies for the exfoliation of BN nanosheets (BNNs), using ball milling and ultrasound processing, the latter using both an ultrasound bath and tip sonication. The best results are obtained using tip sonication, which leads to the formation of few-layered nanosheets with a narrow size distribution. Importantly, it was observed that with the addition of pluronic acid F127 to the medium, there was a significant improvement in the BN nanosheets (BNNs) production yield. Moreover, the resultant BNNs present improved stability in an aqueous solution. Cytotoxicity studies performed with HeLa cells showed the importance of taking into account the possible interferences of the nanomaterial with the selected assay. The prepared BNNs coated with pluronic presented improved cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 200 μg mL−1 with more than 90% viability after 24 h of incubation. Confocal microscopy also showed high cell internalization of the nanomaterials and their preferential biodistribution in the cell cytoplasm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propidium iodide (2 µg mL −1 ) was used to stain dead cells. Different controls were used to correctly determine the cell death population and avoid BNN interference [ 52 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Synthesis of Highly Biocompatible 2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets

et al. 2022

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“…Malina et al developed a new approach using a specific strategy that successfully overcame all types of interference and led to reliable results in LIVE/DEAD assays. This newly developed procedure will likely find application for all in vitro flow cytometry assays of carbon nanomaterials of any class [ 8 ]. Besides the nanoparticle surface, its shape and size could drastically influence both beneficial and detrimental properties.…”

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confidence: 99%