Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) in Aquatic Organisms

Miller, Richard A.; Norris, Logan A.; Hawkes, Clifford L.

doi:10.2307/3428126

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Toxicity testing with salmonid fish and guppies has been carried out (Miller et al, 1973;Norris and Miller, 1974;Hawkes and Norris, 1977) but there are no reports concerning effects on early life stages. De Hullu and Poels (1976) observed a high toxicity for trout fry exposed to water of the river Rhine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of the pike (Esox lucius L.)

Helder

1980

Science of The Total Environment

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Freshly fertilized pike eggs were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 10 ppt (ng/liter) for 96 hours. At all concentrations examined egg development was retarded by 23%, and the growth of fry was also significantly retarded for a long period after exposure. A dose-related mortality was observed. Highest mortality rates occurred during resorption of the yolk and reached almost 100 percent at a concentration of 10 ppt. Death was preceded by development of severe generalized edemas.Histopathologically edemas and hemorrhages were observed, together with alterations of bloodvessel walls. In the liver, two stages of pathological changes were distinguished. The first was characterized by a dilation of sinusoids and a slight swelling of hepatocyte nuclei; in the second stage the nuclei were enlarged up to twice the normal diameter. Hepatocytes were degenerated and varied in size and shape and liver architecture was a almost completely lost.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of the pike (Esox lucius L.)

Helder

1980

Science of The Total Environment

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“…While the results from a single test species are not sufficient to support broad conclusions regarding ecological communities, the lack of toxicity observed in this study is consistent with a larger body of evidence indicating that 2,3,7,8‐TCDD is not toxic to aquatic macroinvertebrates. Investigators have exposed benthic and epibenthic organisms to 2,3,7,8‐TCDD via food (3 μg/g TOC [9]), water (1 μg/L [4] and 0.2 μg/L [7]), flooded spiked soil (7.5 mg/kg [5] and 0.1 mg/kg [6]), and sediment (0.66 μg/kg [8]) and have shown no effects on cladocerans [4–6], midges [9], mosquito larvae [7], sand‐worms [8], oligochaete worms [7,9], snails [5–7], clams [8], and grass shrimp [8]. The lack of dioxin sensitivity in aquatic invertebrates may be explained by the apparent lack of the cytoplasmic aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor that is considered to be a requirement for the manifestation of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD‐related effects (see Poland and Glover [19]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although amphipods had not been tested for 2,3,7,8‐TCDD toxicity prior to this report, several studies have demonstrated that 2,3,7,8‐TCDD, and PCDD/Fs in general, are essentially nontoxic to various aquatic macroinvertebrates [4–9]. For example, Rubinstein et al [8] reported no effects in sandworms, grass shrimp, or clams after exposure to sediment containing an average of 0.66 μg/kg 2,3,7,8‐TCDD, and West et al [9] reported no effects in full life‐cycle tests with midges and oligochaetes at tissue residue concentrations up to 9,533 μg 2,3,7,8‐TCDD/kg lipid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a spiked sediment bioassay to establish a no‐effect concentration for dioxin exposure to the amphipod Ampelisca abdita

Barber¹,

Chappie²,

Duda³

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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A recent study conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported a highly significant correlation between 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (2,3,7,8‐TCDD) concentrations and amphipod (Ampelisca abdita) mortality in sediment samples collected from the lower Passaic River and Newark Bay. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the potential effects of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD on benthic invertebrates under controlled laboratory exposures. In this study, 10‐d whole‐sediment bioassays using the marine amphipod A. abdita were conducted on spiked sediment samples representing a range of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD concentrations (0–25 μg/kg dry weight). No effects on survival or growth relative to controls were observed at any test concentration. The highest 2,3,7,8‐TCDD concentration reported from the NOAA study was 0.62 μg/kg. Therefore, the lack of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD toxicity in this study indicates that the mortality observed in the NOAA study was probably due to factors or chemicals other than 2,3,7,8‐TCDD. This study demonstrates the utility of spiked sediment bioassays in evaluating cause and effect relationships between sediment contamination and benthic invertebrate mortality.

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“…Although direct comparison of these results with other studies is complicated somewhat by differences in expression of dose (i.e., water concentrations vs tissue residue), our observations are in agreement with those made in past investigations. For example, Miller et al [23] exposed an annelid ( Paranais sp. ), a snail ( Physa sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin in long‐term tests with the freshwater benthic invertebrates Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus

West

Ankley

Nichols

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Two species of freshwater benthic invertebrates, Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus, were exposed to three dietary concentrations of 2,3,7,8‐ tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD), and toxicity and bioaccumulation were determined. No toxic effects were observed in full life cycle tests with either species at tissue residue concentrations up to 9,533 ng TCDD/g lipid. The observed lack of sensitivity of the two species to TCDD was consistent with a presumed absence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in aquatic invertebrates. Predictions of lipid‐normalized tissue concentrations were made based on lipid‐normalized TCDD concentrations in the food and were within 15% of targeted concentrations in both species. Depuration studies indicated that TCDD elimination followed first‐order kinetics, with elimination rate constants of 0.0014 to 0.0022 h−1 for L. variegatus and 0.0070 to 0.0099 h−1 for C. tentans. Half‐lives ranged from 315 to 495 h in L. variegatus and from 70 to 99 h in C. tentans. The ability of invertebrates to accumulate relatively high concentrations of TCDD in the absence of toxic effects may be relevant to the transfer of contaminants through aquatic food webs to potentially sensitive vertebrate species.

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Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) in Aquatic Organisms

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of the pike (Esox lucius L.)

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of the pike (Esox lucius L.)

Using a spiked sediment bioassay to establish a no‐effect concentration for dioxin exposure to the amphipod Ampelisca abdita

Toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin in long‐term tests with the freshwater benthic invertebrates Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus

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